间歇性禁食与运动对骨骼肌自噬的激活及减脂效果的比较*

doi:10.12047/j.cjap.5942.2020.063

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的: 以运动作为对比,观察不同时长(14 d、28 d)间歇性禁食的体重控制效果,探究其对骨骼肌质量及自噬的影响。方法: 选取60只SD大鼠(雄)随机分为3组(n=20):安静对照组(Sed组)、间歇性禁食组(InF组)、有氧运动组(Exe组),设实验周期分别为14 d和28 d。InF组采用间歇性禁食(隔日禁食),Exe组施加跑台运动干预,每周记录体重。DEXA检测体脂并计算体脂指数,天平称量比目鱼肌湿重(双侧)并计算湿重指数,免疫荧光检测细胞外基质蛋白laminin反映肌纤维横截面积、检测LC3标记自噬体,透射电镜观察自噬体数量及形态,Western blot检测自噬相关蛋白ULK1、LC3、p62及调控蛋白AMPKα、p-AMPKα(Thr172)的表达情况。结果: ①干预7 d开始,InF、Exe组大鼠体重显著低于Sed组,且InF组体重显著低于Exe组(P＜0.01),28 d干预后InF、Exe组体脂指数显著低于Sed组,且InF组体脂指数显著低于Exe组(P＜0.05)。②干预28 d时Exe组单根肌纤维面积较Sed、InF组明显增大(P＜0.01)。③在各干预时间InF、Exe组比目鱼肌中AMPKα、p-AMPKα(Thr172)、ULK1蛋白表达均显著高于Sed组(P＜0.05),但在14 d干预时仅InF组表现出自噬标记LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ水平的升高及自噬底物p62的降低(P＜0.05),Exe组中该指标在干预28 d时才出现明显差异。结论: ①间歇性禁食在控制大鼠体重、体脂增长方面优于有氧运动。②在骨骼肌自噬激活方面,间歇性禁食所需的干预时间(14 d)短于有氧运动(28 d)。

关键词: 间歇性禁食, 运动, 骨骼肌, 自噬, 减脂

Abstract: Objective: To observe the effect of weight control of intermittent fasting in different time course (14 d, 28 d)and explore its effect on skeletal muscle mass and autophagy. Methods: Sixty SD rats (male) were randomly divided into sedentary group (Sed), intermittent fasting group (InF) and exercise group (Exe), 20 rats of each group, intervention duration is 14 d and 28 d. Animals of InF group were fasted every other day, animals of Exe group underwent aerobic exercise on treadmill, the weight was recorded every week. The body fat mass was recorded by DEXA and then the fat mass index was calculated. The wet weight of bilateral soleus muscle was weighed and wet weight index was calculated. Immunofluorescence was used to detect laminin and light chain 3 (LC3), which reflect muscle fiber cross-sectional area and autophagosome respectively. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the number and morphology of autophagosomes. The expression levels of autophagy related proteins Unc-51 like kinase 1 (ULK1), LC3, sequestosome1 protein (p62), AMP activated protein kinase (AMPKα) and p-AMPKα (Thr172) were detected by Western blot. Results: ① From the 7th day of intervention, the body weight of rats in InF and Exe groups was significantly lower than that in Sed group, and the body weight of InF group was significantly lower than that in Exe group (P＜0.01). After 28 days of intervention, the fat mass index in InF and Exe groups was significantly lower than that in Sed group, the fat mass index of InF group was significantly lower than that in Exe group (P＜0.05).② After 28 days of intervention, the cross-sectional of muscle fibers in Exe group was significantly larger than that in Sed and InF groups (P＜0.01). ③The expressions of AMPKα, p-AMPKα (Thr172) and ULK1 in InF and Exe groups were significantly higher than those in Sed group (P＜0.05). However, at 14 days, only InF group showed the increase of LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and the decrease of p62 level (P＜0.05). The same indicators of Exe group were only significant changed at 28 d. Conclusion: ① Intermittent fasting is superior to exercise in controlling the growth of body weight and body fat in rats. ② In terms of skeletal muscle autophagy activation, the length of intervention required for intermittent fasting (14 days) is shorter than aerobic exercise (28 days).

Key words: intermittent fasting, exercise, skeletal muscle, autophagy, fat loss

中图分类号:

Q445

王祯, 于亮, 付悦. 间歇性禁食与运动对骨骼肌自噬的激活及减脂效果的比较^*[J]. 中国应用生理学杂志, 2020, 36(4): 289-295.

WANG Zhen, YU Liang, FU Yue. Comparison of intermittent fasting and exercise on skeletal muscle autophagy activation and fat reduction[J]. CJAP, 2020, 36(4): 289-295.

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间歇性禁食与运动对骨骼肌自噬的激活及减脂效果的比较^*

Comparison of intermittent fasting and exercise on skeletal muscle autophagy activation and fat reduction

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