门诊和住院运动锻炼为核心的整体管理对慢性心力衰竭患者心脏康复治疗效果影响的临床研究*

doi:10.12047/j.cjap.0085.2021.110

中国应用生理学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 89-95.doi: 10.12047/j.cjap.0085.2021.110

门诊和住院运动锻炼为核心的整体管理对慢性心力衰竭患者心脏康复治疗效果影响的临床研究^*

张振英¹, 孙兴国¹, 席家宁¹, 冯静¹, 孙晓静¹, 刘艳玲¹

1.首都医科大学附属北京康复医院心脏康复中心,北京 100144;
2.国家心血管病中心,中国医学科学院阜外医院,北京协和医学院,心血管疾病国家重点实验室,国家心血管疾病临床医学研究中心,北京 100037

收稿日期:2020-08-12 修回日期:2021-01-15 发布日期:2021-10-21
通讯作者: ^△Tel：010-88398300;E-mail: xgsun@lundquist.org
基金资助:
^*国家高技术研究发展计划（863计划）课题资助项目（2012AA021009）; 国家自然科学基金医学科学部面上项目（81470204）; 中国康复医疗机构联合重大项目基金（20160102）; 中国医学科学院国家心血管病中心阜外医院科研开发启动基金（2012-YJR02）; 首都临床特色应用研究与成果推广（Z161100000516127）; 北京康复医院2019-2021科技发展专项（2019-003）; 北京协和医学院教学改革项目（2018E-JG07）; 北京协和医学院-国家外国专家局外国专家项目（2015,2016,T2017025,T2018046,G2019001660）; 重庆市卫计委医学科研计划项目（2017MSXM090）; 重庆市科委社会事业与民生保障科技创新专项项目（cstc2017shmsA130063）

The impacts of outpatient vs inpatient holistic management based on exercise training on cardiac rehabilitation efficacy among patients with chronic heart failure

ZHANG Zhen-ying¹, SUN Xing-guo¹, XI Jia-ning¹, FENG Jing¹, SUN Xiao-jing¹, LIU Yan-ling¹

1. Cardiac Rehabilitation Center,Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100144;
2. National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Research Center of Clinic Medicine for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037, China

Received:2020-08-12 Revised:2021-01-15 Published:2021-10-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的: 探讨门诊运动康复和住院运动康复对慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者心脏康复治疗效果的影响。方法: 选择2015 年9 月至2018 年9 月间在北京康复医院临床诊断为CHF患者36 例,按照随机原则和患者参与意愿分为3组：对照组（n=12）：进行除运动锻炼治疗之外的常规心脏康复指导;住院运动康复组（n=12）和门诊运动康复组(n=12）：患者在我院分别住院或门诊进行运动锻炼为核心的心脏康复。根据心肺运动试验（CPET）制定个体化运动处方。功率车运动强度为无氧阈以上Δ50%功率负荷,30 min/d,每周5 d,共12 周。治疗前、后分别评估患者CPET指标、超声心动图指标、6 min步行距离（6MWD）、生活质量（QoL）评分等。结果: 所有CHF患者安全无并发症完成症状限制性CPET,运动康复组患者安全完成全程12 周运动康复。组间比较显示,治疗前,3组患者CPET指标、超声心动图指标、6MWD和QoL均无明显差异（P>0.05）。治疗后,住院和门诊运动康复组患者无氧阈（ml/min, ml/（min·kg）, %pred）、峰值摄氧量（ml/min, ml/（min·kg）, %pred）、峰值氧脉搏（ml/beat）、峰值功率（W, %pred）、左心室射血分数、6MWD较对照组升高（P<0.05）,QoL 评分较对照组降低（P<0.05）;门诊运动康复组和住院运动康复组之间比较,CPET指标、超声心动图指标、6MWD和QoL评分等均无明显差异（P>0.05）。治疗前后比较显示,对照组患者治疗后上述指标与治疗前比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;治疗后住院运动康复组和门诊运动康复组患者无氧阈（ml/min, ml/（min·kg））、峰值摄氧量（ml/min, ml/（min·kg）, %pred）、峰值氧脉搏（ml/beat, %pred）、峰值功率（W/min、%pred）、左心室射血分数和6MWD均较治疗前升高（P<0.05）,QoL 评分较治疗前降低（P<0.05）。结论: 门诊运动康复可显著改善CHF患者心肺功能、运动耐力和生活质量,与住院运动康复效果无明显差异。门诊康复作为心脏康复一种有效的治疗模式,值得大力推广。

关键词: 慢性心力衰竭, 运动疗法, 康复, 门诊, 心肺运动实验

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the impacts of outpatient vs inpatient exercise training (ET) on cardiac rehabilitation efficacy among patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods: Thirty six patients who were diagnosed with CHF in Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital from September 2015 to September 2018, were randomly divided into three groups: control group (n=12), outpatient ET group (n=12) and inpatient ET group (n=12). Patients in control group were treated with conventional cardiac rehabilitation without ET, patients in outpatient and inpatient ET groups were treated with holistic cardiac rehabilitation with the core of ET according to individualized exercise prescription based on cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Exercise intensity of cycle ergometer was Δ50% power above anaerobic threshold (AT), 30 min/d, 5 d/week, for 12 weeks. General information, CPET parameters, echocardiogram, 6 minute walking distance (6MWD) and quality of life (QoL) score of three groups of patients before and after treatment were recorded. Results: All patients in 3 groups finished symptom-limited CPET and patients in ET groups finished 12 weeks - ET safely without complications. Before treatment, there were no significant differences in CPET parameters, echocardiogram results, 6MWD and QoL score among 3 groups (P>0.05). After treatment, AT (ml/min, ml/(min·kg), %pred), peak oxygen uptake (VO₂) (ml/min, ml/(min·kg), %pred), peak oxygen pulse(ml/beat), peak workload(W/min, %pred), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and 6MWD of patients in outpatient and inpatient ET groups were significantly higher than those of patients in control group (P<0.05), QoL score of patients in outpatient and inpatient ET groups was lower than that of patients in control group(P<0.05). To be noted, there were no obvious differences in CPET indexes, echocardiogram results, 6MWD and QoL score in patients between outpatient ET group and inpatient ET group (P>0.05). For patients in control group, there were no significant differences in above parameters before and after treatment (P>0.05). AT(ml/min, ml/(min·kg)), Peak VO₂ (ml/min, ml/(min·kg), %pred), peak oxygen pulse(ml/beat, %pred), peak workload(W/min, %pred), LVEF and 6MWD of patients in outpatient and inpatient ET groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (P<0.05), QoL score of patients in outpatient and inpatient ET groups after treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: Outpatient ET can improve the cardiopulmonary function, exercise tolerance and QoL of CHF patients, which has no significant difference compared with inpatient ET, indicating that outpatient cardiac rehabilitation, as an effective rehabilitation mode, is deserved to be applied widely.

Key words: chronic heart failure, exercise therapy, rehabilitation, outpatient, cardiopulmonary exercise testing

中图分类号:

R541.6

张振英, 孙兴国, 席家宁, 冯静, 孙晓静, 刘艳玲. 门诊和住院运动锻炼为核心的整体管理对慢性心力衰竭患者心脏康复治疗效果影响的临床研究^*[J]. 中国应用生理学杂志, 2021, 37(1): 89-95.

ZHANG Zhen-ying, SUN Xing-guo, XI Jia-ning, FENG Jing, SUN Xiao-jing, LIU Yan-ling. The impacts of outpatient vs inpatient holistic management based on exercise training on cardiac rehabilitation efficacy among patients with chronic heart failure[J]. CJAP, 2021, 37(1): 89-95.

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门诊和住院运动锻炼为核心的整体管理对慢性心力衰竭患者心脏康复治疗效果影响的临床研究^*

The impacts of outpatient vs inpatient holistic management based on exercise training on cardiac rehabilitation efficacy among patients with chronic heart failure

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