Dynamic changes of ‘substantianigra-ventralislateralis-cortex’ pathway neural activity coherence and neurotransmitters in rat during exhausting exercise

doi:10.12047/j.cjap.5435.2017.051

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: To reveal the possible mechanism of changes of ‘substantianigra-ventralislateralis-cortex’ pathway neural activity during one bout of exhausting exercise through observing the neural activity coherence between different nucleus and the concentration of extra-cellular glutamate (Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into neural activity real-time observation group, substantianigra (SNr) extracellular neurotransmitters observation group, ventralislateralis (VL) extracellular neuro-transmitters observation group and supplementary motor area (SMA) extracellular neurotransmitters observation group, 10 rats in each group. For rats of neural activity real-time observation group, by using LFPs and ECoG recording technique, and self-comparison, we simultaneously recorded the dynamic changes of neural activity of rat SNr, VL and SMA during one bout of exhausting exercise. The dynamic changes of ex-tracellular Glu and GABA in rat SNr, VL and SMA were also observed through microdialysis combined high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique and self-comparison method. Results: Based on the behavioral performance, the exhausting exercise process could be di-vided into 5 different stages, the rest condition, auto exercise period, early fatigue period, exhaustion condition and recovery period. The elec-trophysiological study results showed that, the coherence between neural activity in rat SNr, VL and SMA was significant between 0~30 Hz during all the procedure of exhausting exercise. Compared with the rest condition, the microdialysis study showed that the Glu concentrations and Glu/GABA ratio in SNr were decreased significantly during automatic exercise period (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), the GABA concentrations were increased significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), while, in VL and cortex, the Glu concentrations and Glu/GABA ratio were increased significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), the GABA concentrations were decreased significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Under early fatigue and ex-haustion conditions, compared with the rest condition,the Glu concentrations and Glu/GABA ratio in SNr were increased significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), the GABA concentrations were decreased significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), while the Glu concentrations and Glu/GABA ratio in VL and cortex were decreased significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), the GABA concentrations were increased significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Conclusion: The neural net work communication between ‘substantianigra-ventralislateralis-cortex’ pathway exists, changes of Glu and GABA in the nucelus of the pathway are one of the factors resulting in the changes of neural activity.

Key words: exhausting exercise, rat, ‘substantianigra-ventralislateralis-cortex&rsquo, pathway, coherence, neurotransmitter

HU Yan-ru, LIU Xiao-li, QIAO De-cai. Dynamic changes of ‘substantianigra-ventralislateralis-cortex’ pathway neural activity coherence and neurotransmitters in rat during exhausting exercise[J]. CJAP, 2017, 33(3): 204-211.

References

[1] Middleton FA, Strick PL. Basal ganglia and cerebellar loops:motor and cognitive circuits[J]. Brain Res Brain Res Rev, 2000, 31(2-3):236-250.
[2] Nybo L, Secherb NH. Cerebral perturbations provoked by prolonged exercise[J]. Prog Neurobiol, 2004, 72(4):223-261.
[3] 胡琰茹, 刘晓莉, 乔德才. 大鼠在力竭运动过程中"黑质-丘脑-皮层"通路的调控作用研究[J]. 上海体育学院学报, 2013, 37(5):57-62.
[4] Meeusen R, Watson P, Dvorak J. The brain and fatigue:new opportunities for nutritional interventions[J]. J Sports Sci, 2006, 24(7):773-782.
[5] 王大磊, 刘晓莉, 乔德才. 大鼠力竭运动中丘脑底核和皮层神经元电活动的变化[J]. 中国应用生理学杂志, 2011, 27(4):427-431.
[6] 杨东升, 刘晓莉, 乔德才. 力竭运动及恢复期大鼠纹状体5-HT、DA及其代谢物浓度的动态变化研究[J]. 中国应用生理学杂志, 2011, 27(4):432-436.
[7] Mora F, Segovia G, Del Arco A. Glutamate-dopamine-GABA interactions in the aging basal ganglia[J]. Brain Res Rev, 2008, 58(2):340-353.
[8] Paxinos G, Watson C. The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates[M]. 3rd Edition, San Diego:Academic, 1997:26-30,36-37,39-43.
[9] Taib NOB, Manto M. Effects of trains of high-frequency stimulation of the premotor/supplementary motor area on con-ditioned corticomotor responses in hemicerebellectomized rats[J]. Exp Neurol, 2008, 212(1):157-165.
[10] 刘晓莉, 罗勇, 乔德才. 大鼠一次性力竭跑台运动模型的建立及动态评价[J]. 中国实验动物学报, 2012, 20(3):25-28.
[11] 胡琰茹, 刘晓莉, 乔德才. 力竭运动大鼠苍白球内侧部神经递质浓度及相应受体表达变化研究[J]. 北京体育大学学报, 2015, 38(1):57-62,79.
[12] Wang D, Liu X, Qiao D. Modulatory effect of subthalamic nucleus on the development of fatigue during exhausting exer-cise:an in vivo electrophysiological and microdialysis study in rats[J]. J Sports Sci Med, 2012, 11(2):286-293.
[13] Hu Y, Liu X, Qiao D. Increased extracellular dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine levels contribute to enhanced subthalamic nucleus neural activity during exhausting exercise[J]. Biol Sport, 2015, 32(3):187-192.
[14] Colgin LL, Denninger T, Fyhn M, et al. Frequency of gam-ma oscillation routes flow of information in the hippocampus[J]. Nature, 2009, 462(7271):353-357.
[15] Del percio C, Iacoboni M, Lizio R, et al. Functional coupling of parietal alpha rhythms is enhanced in athletes before visuomotor performance:a coherence electroencephalographic study[J]. Neuroscience, 2011, 175(4):198-211.
[16] Fell J, Axmacher N. The role of phase synchronization in memory processes[J]. Nat Rev Neurosci, 2011, 12(2):105-118.
[17] Blomstrand E. A role for branched-chain amino acids in re-ducing central fatigue[J]. J Nutr, 2006, 136(2):544-547.
[18] Sophie S, Marco L, Francesco M, et al. In vivo neurochemi-cal effects of the NR2B selective NMDA receptor antagonist CR 3394in 6-hydmxydopamine lesioned rats[J]. Eur J Pharmacol, 2008, 584(2/3):297-305.
[19] Galeffi F, Bianchi L, Bolam JP, et al. The effect of 6-hy-droxydopamine lesions on the release of amino acids in the di-rect and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia:a dual micro-dialysis probe analysis[J]. Eur J Neurosci, 2003, 18:856-868.
[20] José A, Obeso, María C. Rodríguez-Oroz, Manuel Rodríguez, et al. The Basal ganglia and disorders of movement:patho-physiological mechanisms[J]. News PhysiolSci, 2002, 17(2):51-55.
[21] Dostrovsky JO, Levy R, Wu JP, et al. Microstimulation-in-duced inhibition of neuronal firing in human globuspallidus[J]. J Neurophysiol, 2000, 84(1):570-604.