目的 比较7类不同结构类黄酮化合物对高脂饮食小鼠脂代谢和肠道菌群的影响。方法 54只8 w龄雄性C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为正常对照组（NOR）、高脂饲料组（HFD）、木犀草素组（LUT）、槲皮素组（QUE）、柚皮素组（NAR）、表儿茶素组（EPI）、染料木素组（GEN）、矢车菊素组（CYA）和柚皮苷二氢查尔酮组（CHA）,每组6只。NOR组给予普通饲料,HFD组以高脂饲料喂养,LUT组、QUE组、NAR组、EPI组、GEN组、CYA组和CHA组在高脂饲料中添加所对应的类黄酮化合物（2 g/kg）喂养。24 w后麻醉处死小鼠剥离脂肪组织和肝脏称重计算脂体比,对脂肪及肝脏组织进行病理学检查,采集血清检测血脂和肝功指标,利用 16S rRNA 测序技术分析肠道菌群的构成及多样性。结果 与其他结构类黄酮相比,GEN组无论对高脂饮食所致的体重和脂肪重量增加以及血脂和肝功能异常均显示出较强的改善能力,LUT组和QUE组在调节高脂饮食所致血脂和肝功能异常方面表现优异;对肠道菌群分析发现,与HFD组相比在门水平上QUE组显著提高了Actinobacteriota菌门的相对丰度（P<0.05）,在属水平上EPI组显著提高了Alloprevotella菌属的相对丰度（P<0.05）,NAR组显著提高了Prevotellaceae_UCG-001菌属的相对丰度（P<0.05）。结论 7种不同结构类黄酮化合物对高脂饮食小鼠脂代谢相关指标影响不同。与其他类黄酮相比,染料木素、木犀草素和槲皮素可以降低高脂饮食导致的体重、体脂、血脂以及肝脏转氨酶异常增高,而表儿茶素、柚皮素和槲皮素则有助于肠道有益菌群的生长。
Abstract
Objective To compare the effects of 7 flavonoid compounds with different structures on the of lipid metabolism and intestinal flora in high-fat fed diet mice. Methods Fifty-four 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal control group (NOR), high-fat diet group (HFD), luteolin group (LUT), quercetin group (QUE), naringin group (NAR), epicatechin group (EPI), genistein group (GEN), cyanidin group (CYA) and naringin dihydrochalcone group (CHA), with 6 animals in each group. NOR group was given an ordinary diet, the HFD group was fed a high-fat diet, and the LUT group, QUE group, NAR group, EPI group, GEN group, CYA group, and CHA group were fed the high-fat diet supplemented with the corresponding flavonoid compounds (2 g/kg). After 24 w feeding, mice were sacrificed and adipose tissues and livers were collected to calculate the adipose-body ratio. Pathological examination of the fat and liver tissues was performed. Serum was collected for blood lipid and liver function analysis. 16S rRNA sequencing technology was used to analyze intestinal flora's composition and diversity. Results Compared with other flavonoids, the GEN group showed a stronger action in decreasing both weight and fat weight gain and improving abnormal blood lipids and liver function induced by the high-fat diet. The LUT and QUE groups were superior in improving lipid metabolism and liver function abnormalities. The analysis of intestinal flora found that compared with the HFD group, the QUE group significantly increased the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota at the phylum level (P<0.05). At the genus level, the EPI group significantly increased the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (P<0.05). The relative abundance of Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 in the NAR group was significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusions even flavonoid compounds had different effects on lipid metabolism and intestinal flora in the high-fat fed diet mice. Compared with other flavonoids, genistein, luteolin, and quercetin reduce the abnormal changes in body weight, fat tissues, blood lipids, and liver function caused by the high-fat diet, while epicatechin, naringin, and quercetin are beneficial to the growth of some probiotics.
关键词
类黄酮 /
高脂饮食 /
血脂 /
肝功能 /
肠道菌群 /
小鼠
Key words
flavonoids /
high-fat diet /
blood lipids /
liver function /
intestinal flora /
miec
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基金
齐齐哈尔医学科学院项目（No.2021-ZDPY-004）; 2022年中央引导地方科技发展专项（寒地特色龙药资源开发与综合利用研究,No.ZYYDDF-PT-202202）
