Objective To explore the situation of nutrition services in maternal and child health institutions and their association with the nutrition and health status of mothers and children. Methods In 2020, we used an online information retrieval method to investigate the nutrition services of 441 maternal and child health institutions in provincial cities, municipal districts, and prefectural cities in China. Based on data from China Nutrition and Health Surveillance on Children and Adolescents Aged 0-17 Years and Postpartum Mothers (2016-2017), we compared the nutrition and health status of mothers and children among regions with and without nutrition services. Results There were 246 maternal and child health institutions having official websites, and the proportions of providing nutrition services accounted for 49.6% and 53.3% for women and children, respectively. Only 3.3% of the institutions hired full-time nutrition service staff. The proportions of nutrition services for women affiliated with health departments, obstetrics and gynecology, and nutrition departments accounted for 45.9%, 39.3%, and 14.8%, respectively. Nutrition services for children were mainly affiliated with child health departments, accounting for 93.9%. Compared with regions where there was no nutrition service for women and children, women in regions where there were nutrition services for women and children had a lower risk of excessive gestational weight gain, dyslipidemia, vitamin D deficiency, low serum albumin, and low serum total protein at postpartum (P<0.05); meanwhile, children in these regions had a lower risk of overweight (P<0.05), and children under six months of age were more likely to be predominantly breastfed (P<0.05). Conclusion The coverage of nutrition services is relatively low in Chinese maternal and child health institutions, which is not conducive to maternal and child health. We suggest implementing relevant national policies, improving department settings and staffing, establishing standards related to nutrition services and covering service costs in the health insurance payment system, and stabilizing, deepening, and expanding the content of nutrition services to promote maternal and child health.
Key words
nutrition service /
child malnutrition /
maternal health /
nutrition survey
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