Objective To investigate the dietary intake of proanthocyanidins among adult residents in Beijing and Guangzhou, and analyze the food source distributions of proanthocyanidins intake. Methods Convenient sampling was used to select adult residents aged 18-59 years from Beijing and Guangzhou, with 234 participants from Beijing and 290 participants from Guangzhou. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to conduct a dietary survey to understand basic information and food intake. The median and quartiles of proanthocyanidins intake were statistically described, and the distribution of proanthocyanidins intake and food sources by gender, age, and city were subjected to Mann Whitney U test. According to the recommended daily intake of 200-400 mg of proanthocyanidins, with a maximum of 800 mg, Chi-square tests were performed on the grouping data of different intake ranges of proanthocyanidins to analyze the differences between the groups. Results The median daily dietary intake of proanthocyanidins of adult residents in Beijing and Guangzhou was 169.0 mg, with males having a lower median intake than females (141.9 mg vs 177.4 mg, P=0.014). However, there was no statistically significant difference in proanthocyanidins intake among residents of different ages and cities (P>0.05). The main food source for adult residents in Beijing and Guangzhou was fruits, with a median proportion of 78.2%. Among the female population, the proportion of fruits was higher than that of males (Z=–3.890, P<0.001). Among young people, the proportion of fruits was higher than that of middle-aged people (Z=–3.014, P=0.003). Among adult residents in Guangzhou, the proportion of fruits was higher than that of Beijing (Z=–2.128, P=0.033). The proportion of adult residents in Beijing and Guangzhou with a daily intake of 200-800 mg of proanthocyanidins was 36.6% (192 people), and the proportion of male population with a suitable intake of proanthocyanidins was lower than that of females (χ2=6.731, P=0.035). In addition, the survey showed that up to 58.0% (304 people) of adult residents still had a daily intake of proanthocyanidins lower than the recommended lower limit of 200 mg. Conclusion It is common for adult residents in Beijing and Guangzhou to have insufficient intake of proanthocyanidins. Therefore, it is necessary to further promote the intake of fruits rich in proanthocyanidins in their daily diet, strengthen relevant nutrition education and dietary intervention.
Key words
proanthocyanidins /
dietary intake /
adult resident /
Beijing /
Guangzhou
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