Objective To study the improving effect of theaflavin -3,3' -digalate (TFDG) on spermatogenesis in aging mice and explore its mechanism. Methods Sixty male ICR mice were randomly divided into blank control group, solvent control group, aging model group, TFDG low, medium and high dose groups (15, 30, 60 mg/(kg·bw)). The TFDG groups and the aging model group were given subcutaneous injection of D-galactose (120 (mg/kg·bw) for 56 consecutive days) in the region between neck and back to establish the aging model. The control group was given subcutaneous injection of normal saline of equal volume. Meanwhile, TFDG groups were given different doses of TFDG for 28 consecutive days (starting from the 29th day of modeling), and the solvent control group was given an equal volume of 0.5% DMSO. At the end of experiment, the spermatogenic function of testis was tested, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), malondialdehyde (MDA), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), acid phosphatase (ACP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) were measured in testicular tissues.The expression of antioxidant genes (Oxr1, Nrf2, Prx2) was determined. Results Compared with the solvent control group, D-galactose injection decreased the testis organ coefficient, daily sperm production and testosterone level. The testis G6PDH, ACP, LDH, SDH, GSH-Px, SOD activities and T-AOC level were decreased, and the MDA content increased. The mRNA expression levels of Oxr1, Nrf2 and Prx2 in testis tissue were down-regulated. Compared with the aging model group, the spermatogenic function and testosterone level of testicle were significantly improved after TFDG intervention. The activities of G6PDH, ACP, LDH, SDH, GSH-Px and SOD in testicle tissues, as well as the T-AOC level were also significantly increased.MDA content was significantly decreased. The mRNA expression level of antioxidant genes was significantly upregulated in response to TFDG intervention. Conclusion In D-galactose-induced aging mice, TFDG can improve testicular spermatogenic function by increasing the antioxidant capacity of testicular tissue, the activities of testicular enzymes and testosterone anabolism.
Key words
theaflavin-3 /
3'-digallate /
models of aging /
spermatogenic function /
antioxidant enzyme /
antioxidant genes
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