EFFECTS OF DIETARY INTAKE OF LACTATING MOTHERS ON HUMAN MILK NUTRITIONAL COMPONENTS AND INFANT PHYSICAL GROWTH IN HAINAN: A PRELIMINARY LONGITUDINAL STUDY

LIU Pei; ZHANG Wen-di; YANG Hui-ting; WANG Shao-ting; HUANG Hai-tao; CAO Jun

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Acta Nutrimenta Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3) : 254-260.

EFFECTS OF DIETARY INTAKE OF LACTATING MOTHERS ON HUMAN MILK NUTRITIONAL COMPONENTS AND INFANT PHYSICAL GROWTH IN HAINAN: A PRELIMINARY LONGITUDINAL STUDY

LIU Pei¹, ZHANG Wen-di¹, YANG Hui-ting¹, WANG Shao-ting², HUANG Hai-tao², CAO Jun¹

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Abstract

Objective To explore the effects of dietary intake of lactating mothers on human milk nutritional components and infant physical growth in Hainan. Methods Mother-infant pairs in Hainan who met the inclusion criteria were recruited longitudinally, and human milk samples were collected across the four postpartum stages of 0-6 months to determine the macronutrient contents and fatty acid composition. A questionnaire was used to collect the basic information of lactating mothers and their infants, the 24-hour maternal dietary intake before human milk collection, and the infants’ weight and length on the collection day. The dietary intake of lactating mothers was assessed in accordance with the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2022) and the Dietary Reference Intakes for Chinese Residents (2023). Evaluations of infant growth status across the four postpartum stages were conducted using the Z-score method, and correlation analysis was performed. Results A total of 41 mother-infant pairs were finally enrolled. Cereals and tubers (≥ 419.44 g/d), together with livestock and poultry meats (≥ 163.17 g/d), were adequately consumed by lactating mothers, whereas the intakes of other food categories were insufficient. The dietary fat intake by lactating mothers was significantly positively correlated with the contents of human milk fat and saturated fatty acids (mainly C12:0, C16:0 and C18:0), while it was significantly negatively correlated with the contents of unsaturated fatty acids (mainly 9cC18:1, C20:4 n-6, C18:3 n-3 and C22:6 n-3) in human milk. Dietary carbohydrate intake was significantly positively correlated with human milk lactose content. Dietary protein intake was significantly negatively correlated with human milk protein content. The contents of human milk protein and lactose were significantly negatively associated with infants’ length-for-age Z-scores and weight-for-age Z-scores. Conclusion The dietary structure of lactating women requires reasonable adjustment. Maternal dietary intake can affect the nutritional composition of human milk, infant physical growth. [ACTA NUTRIMENTA SINICA,2026,48（3）：254–260 ]

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lactating mothers' diet / human milk nutritional components / infant physical growth / Z-scores

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LIU Pei, ZHANG Wen-di, YANG Hui-ting, WANG Shao-ting, HUANG Hai-tao, CAO Jun. EFFECTS OF DIETARY INTAKE OF LACTATING MOTHERS ON HUMAN MILK NUTRITIONAL COMPONENTS AND INFANT PHYSICAL GROWTH IN HAINAN: A PRELIMINARY LONGITUDINAL STUDY[J]. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica. 2026, 48(3): 254-260

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