新兵适应障碍者的人格特点、心理防御方式及家庭教养方式

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摘要目的探讨新兵适应障碍者的人格特点、心理防御方式和父母教养方式,以及它们之间的相关关系,为新兵心理初筛及有针对性地进行心理干预作指导。方法对54例新兵适应障碍者和59例正常新兵分别进行艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、防御方式问卷(DSQ)和父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)调查。对结果进行组间比较;对适应障碍者3个量表的各主要因子进行相关分析。结果 EPQ结果提示,适应障碍组的内外向得分明显低于对照组(P＜0.01),神经质得分明显高于对照组(P＜0.01)。DSQ结果提示,不成熟防御机制与中间型防御机制总分明显高于对照组(P＜0.01),成熟防御机制总分明显低于对照组(P＜0.05)。EMBU结果提示,父亲的情感温暖得分明显低于对照组(P＜0.01),惩罚、过分干涉、拒绝因子得分均明显高于对照组(P＜0.05);母亲的过分干涉保护、拒绝、惩罚因子得分均明显高于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01)。适应障碍组的人格特点、防御方式及父母教养方式中的某些因子存在相关关系。结论适应障碍者具有高神经质、高内向性的人格特点,多采用不成熟型和中间型心理防御方式;新兵适应不良的人格特点及适应不良的心理防御方式与不良的家庭教养方式有一定的相关关系。

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关键词 ：新兵, 适应障碍, 人格特点, 心理防御方式, 家庭教养方式

Abstract：Objective To investigate personality trait, psychological defense styles and parental rearing pattern of recruits with adjustment disorders and the correlativity among them, so as to provide a guide for preliminary screening for recruits' enlisting and mental intervention.Methods Fifty-four recruits with adjustment disorders(AD group) and 59 normal controls were assessed by Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ), Defense Style Questionnaire(DSQ) and Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran (EMBU). The scores of two group's major factor were compared one by one, and a correlation analysis was made with the major factor of the adjustment disorders in three scales.Results The results of EPQ indicated that the scores of Extraversion/Introversion factor in AD group were evidently lower than the control group(P＜0.01), while the Neuroticism's were higher than the control group (P＜0.01). The results of DSQ indicated that the scores of Immature Defence Mechanism and Intermediate Defence Mechanism in AD group were evidently higher than the control group (P＜0.01), while the scores of Mature Defence Mechanism were lower(P＜0.01). The results of EMBU indicated that the father had lower scores in warm emotion (P＜0.01), higher scores in severe-punishment,exceeding interference,rejection (P＜0.05), and the mother had higher scores in exceeding interference or over-protection,rejection,severe-punishment factors in AD group compared with control group (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05). There were certain correlativity in some factors of EPQ, DSQ and EMBU in recruits with adjustment disorders.Conclusion The recruits with adjustment disorders have a high neurotic and introvertion trait, and immature and moderate psychological defense styles. These trait and styles are correlative with unhealthy parental rearing pattern.

Key words： recruits adjustment disorder personality trait psychological defense styles parental rearing pattern

出版日期: 2016-04-01

引用本文:

徐天朝, 许鹏②, 王伟宁①, 傅全威^④*. 新兵适应障碍者的人格特点、心理防御方式及家庭教养方式[J]. 解放军预防医学杂志, 2016, 34(1): 32-35.
XU Tianchao, XU Peng, WANG Yuhui, WANG Weining, ZHANG Lei, FU Quanwei. The Personality Trait, Psychological Defense Styles and ParentalRearing Pattern of Recruits with Adjustment Disorder. Journal of Preventive Medicine of Chinese People's Liberation Army, 2016, 34(1): 32-35.

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