objective To explore the influence of high strength physical examination on blood cells and electrolyte of the recruits, and intervention role of antioxidant vitamin C and vitamin E, so as to provide basis for application of antioxidants during military training for the recruits.Methods Eighty recruits were randomly devided into four groups, except the control group, other 3 groups were intervened with vitamin C (VC group), vitamin E(VE group), and vitamin C plus vitamin E(VC+VE group) 3 days before high strength physical examination, then blood white blood cells (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), C-reactive protein (CRP) and potassium (K⁺), sodium (Na⁺), chloride (Cl^-), lactic acid (LA) were detected before and after examination, the influence of antioxidants on these indicators was observed.Results In control group, compared with before physical examination, the WBC, CRP, PLT, LA after physical examination significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while RBC, Hb, K⁺, significantly reduced (P<0.01). In VC, VE and VC+VE group, the levels of WBC, CRP, LA after examination were significantly higher than before examination (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In all groups, Na⁺ and Cl^- significantly reduced after examination compared with before examination (P<0.01). After examination, WBC, CRP, LA in VC, VE group were significantly lower than control group, while K⁺, RBC, Hb were higher than control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was no significant difference among all indicators after examination between VC and VE group (P>0.05). After examination in VC+VE group, WBC, CRP, PLT, LA were lower, while RBC, K⁺ higher than VC group and VE group (P<0.05).Conclusion Vitamin C and vitamin E has positive role to improve the exercise-induced anemia and electrolyte disorder, can promote the blood lactic acid removal, especially Vitamin C combined vitamin E has better effectiveness.

Objective To investigate the effects of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in E.coli K12(RP4) on the nitrification efficiency in biological wastewater treatment systems, so as to provide an evidence for controlling the risk of ARGs to wastewater treatment systems.Methods The donor strain E.coli K12(RP4) was inoculated in a lab-scale granular sequencing batch reactor (GSBR). Polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) approaches were used to explore the community structure diversity and abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in microbial aggregates of various sizes.Results A decrease in removal efficiency of NH₄⁺-N was observed after the inoculation of E.coli K12(RP4). For the granular sludge, as the particle size increased, the AOB community structure was more stable. In all sizes of sludge, Nitrosomonas was the dominant strain, and played an important role in the removal of NH₄⁺-N. In the late stage, along with the ratio of AOB to total bacteria in flocculent sludge and less size granular promotion, the purification efficiency of NH₄⁺-N returned to normal.Conclusions Multiple resistant bacteria E. coli K12 (RP4) affect the activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, and then undermine nitrification performance of biological wastewater treatment systems.

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug sensitivity rates of microorganisms in mountain soil, so as to provide a basis for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of infectious disease at Markam district, Yunnan province.Methods We selected sunny slope and shady slope of 4 mountains as sampling points at Markam district. The soil sampling was collected as zigzag. After culture, bacteria and fungi were isolated and identified by TREK DLAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS LTD automated microbial identification system. Susceptibility test was conducted by K-B method. Identification and susceptibility test of anaerobes was conducted by VITEK 2 System.Results The total amount of microorganism in shady slope 〔(7.34±0.59)×10⁶ cfu/g〕 was significantly higher than that in sunny slope 〔(5.71±0.553)×10⁶ cfu/g〕 (P＜0.05). Only 2.5% of soil microorganism was fungi, while 97.5% was mainly bacteria (Gram-negative bacteria 56.5%, Gram-positive bacteria 36.7%, and anaerobes 4.3%). And most microorganisms were sensitive to commonly used antibiotics.Conclusion The amount of mountain soil microorganisms in shady slope is higher than in sunny slope at Markam district. The most microorganisms seperated are sensitive to commonly used antibiotics.

Objective To analyze the distribution of strains of pathogenic bacteria from different sources specimens, so as to provide clinical reference in early diagnosis, treatment for infection.Methods A total of 8083 strains of pathogenic bacteria were separated from clinical inspection training specimens from January 2011 to December 2013, the species and constituent ratio of pathogenic bacteria strains from different infection positions was analyzed.Results The species and constituent ratio of pathogenic bacteria separated from clinical specimens were similar from 2011 to 2013. The strain of pathogenic bacteria separated from respiratory specimens was mainly candida and the other yeast fungal in 2011(accounted for 22.0%), P. aeruginosa in 2012 and 2013 (20.0%, 22.1% respectively). The strain from the bloodstream specimens was mainly E. coli in 2011, 2012, and 2013, accounted for 30.3%, 25.9%,and 30.3% respectively. E. coli was mainly urinary tract infection pathogens too in 2011, 2012, and 2013, accounted for 29.7%, 33.4%,and 29.7% respectively.Conclusion The species and constituent ratio of pathogenic bacteria separated in hospital is relatively stable, the distribution of pathogenic bacteria has great difference between different kinds of clinical specimens.

Objective To learn the tuberculosis incidence and its risk factors in a force, so as to provide an evidence for making measures for control and prevention of tuberculosis.Methods Onset cases of tuberculosis reported by an army from January 2013 to June 2014 were surveyed, and possible risk factors were statistical analyzed.Results In the 94 reported cases, the misdiagnosis rate was 10.64% (10/94), the old cases (report duplicate) accounted for 4.26% (4/94), 80 reported cases were new-onset tuberculosis cases. The 80 cases of new-onset tuberculosis and 80 control cases were collected and investigated. Patients' age was mainly at 20 to 30 years, the average age was 27.0 years old. The main symptoms of patients were cough, fever, sputum, chest tightness. 72.5%(58/80)of patients was diagnosed within a week, 23.8% (19/80) in one week to six months, 3.8% (3/80) in six months or more. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of regular smokers was 2.473 times as much as the nonsmokers, that those who did not have BCG immunization history was 2.317 times as much as the risk who had BCG immunization.Conclusion The epidemic situation of these 80 tuberculosis cases is sporadic without apparent outbreaks in this army; smoking and no BCG vaccination are the main risk factors of tuberculosis.

Objective To understand the hepatitis B vaccination and HBsAb level among recruits, so as to provide scientific basis for establishing prevent and control strategy for hepatitis B.Methods A sero-epidemiology investigation of HBsAb was set among 4974 recruits in 2013-2014. A questionnaire was used to survey the hepatitis B vaccination.Results The vaccination rate and positive rate of HBsAb among recruits of the military district in 2013-2014 were 58.6%, and 64.7%, respectively.The HBsAb positive rate among recruits with hepatitis B vaccination was higher than that without vaccination (82.0% vs. 40.4%) (P<0.05). In addition,the vaccination rate and positive rate of HBsAb was lower among recruits with lower education, higher age, and from western China.Conclusion The vaccination rate and positive rate of HBsAb among recruits of the military district in 2013-2014 is higher than that of the national average level in 2006, but it need to be further vaccine inoculation.

Objective To understand the life quality of military technical cadres, and to find out the related influencing factors, so as to provide references to improve health management.Methods A total of 300 people were inquired and assessed with SF-36 Chinese Edition questionnaires.Results Cronbach’s α coefficient of this survey with SF-36 Chinese Edition questionnaires was 0.83. Compared with researchers, the scores of general health (GH),and role emotional (RE) in medical staff was higher, which was (71.0±18.3), and (86.8±27.7), respectively (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Results of multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the male, adequate sleeping, regular diet and sports had positive influences on quality of life, but age, technical title, job strain, research work, smoke or chronic disease had negative influence.Conclusion Quality of life is appreciated among military technical cardres in general, and it is associated with unhealthy life styles.

Objective To investigate personality trait, psychological defense styles and parental rearing pattern of recruits with adjustment disorders and the correlativity among them, so as to provide a guide for preliminary screening for recruits' enlisting and mental intervention.Methods Fifty-four recruits with adjustment disorders(AD group) and 59 normal controls were assessed by Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ), Defense Style Questionnaire(DSQ) and Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran (EMBU). The scores of two group's major factor were compared one by one, and a correlation analysis was made with the major factor of the adjustment disorders in three scales.Results The results of EPQ indicated that the scores of Extraversion/Introversion factor in AD group were evidently lower than the control group(P＜0.01), while the Neuroticism's were higher than the control group (P＜0.01). The results of DSQ indicated that the scores of Immature Defence Mechanism and Intermediate Defence Mechanism in AD group were evidently higher than the control group (P＜0.01), while the scores of Mature Defence Mechanism were lower(P＜0.01). The results of EMBU indicated that the father had lower scores in warm emotion (P＜0.01), higher scores in severe-punishment,exceeding interference,rejection (P＜0.05), and the mother had higher scores in exceeding interference or over-protection,rejection,severe-punishment factors in AD group compared with control group (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05). There were certain correlativity in some factors of EPQ, DSQ and EMBU in recruits with adjustment disorders.Conclusion The recruits with adjustment disorders have a high neurotic and introvertion trait, and immature and moderate psychological defense styles. These trait and styles are correlative with unhealthy parental rearing pattern.

Objective To develop the other report scale for evaluation of military science college teachers by students (ORS-EMSCT-BS), and also to assess its reliability and validity, so as to provide a tool for selecting and evaluating the teachrers. Methods Based upon the previous competencey model and teaching evaluation index weight system of military science college teachers by other teachers, teaching evaluation index weight system of military science college teachers by students was established using questionnaire investigation and expert judgement. And then, the all evaluation index weights were transformed into evaluation scale (ORS-EMSCT-BS). The preliminary ORS-EMSCT-BS became formal ORS-EMSCT-BS after pretest and revision. Then the formal ORS-EMSCT-BS was used to evaluate 345 teachers by 1564 students in a military science college. Retest was given to the same 345 teachers by 50 of 1564 students after 35 days. Results (1)The internal consistency of subscales and total scale were good (Cronbach's α＝0.769～0.878), retest reliability was also good (coefficient＝0.805～0.895 ). (2)The first time exploratory factor analysis of ORS-EMSCT-BS's 42 items scores and self-report scale scores showed three factors (teaching quality, teaching ability, comphrehensive qualities) were extracted. The second time exploratory factor analysis of ORS-EMSCT-BS's 5 subscale traits scores showed the same three factors were extracted, the three factors explained more than 60% of the total variance. The scores of teaching quality, total achievement, and total scale as to diligence, ability, achievement in good military science college teacher group were significantly higher than in ordinary teacher group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). Conclusion ORS-EMSCT-BS has good reliability and validity, so could be used in evaluating military science college teachers' comprehensive qualities and achievement by students.