目的 分析浙南地区菰米营养成分,为开发菰米及相关产品提供依据。方法 采用随机抽样方法分别从浙南半山区的四个自然村、至少5%地块中抽取菰米3 kg;选择同自然村、同收割季节的普通稻米为参照品进行对比分析。按谷类食品中各种营养素的国家标准检测方法,采用液相色谱仪、电感耦合等离子体质谱仪、超高效液相色谱-四级杆飞行时间质谱仪等检测浙南菰米及对照稻米中一般营养成分、蛋白质及氨基酸等,分析浙南菰米与对照稻米中各类营养成分的差异。结果 被检测浙南菰米中粗蛋白含量为13.52%,9种必需氨基酸含量均高于对照稻米,蛋氨酸、赖氨酸分别为对照稻米的3.9与3.2倍且氨基酸比例及模式优于对照稻米;浙南稻米中被检测微量营养素均高于对照稻米;B1、B2、钾、铁、铬、锂、钴、锰、镍及磷含量高于苏北地区菰米。结论 浙南菰米营养价值较理想,建议尝试应用于慢性非传染性疾病防控。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the nutritional components of Zizania latifolia and ordinary rice in southern Zhejiang, and provide data support for the development of Zizania latifolia and its related products. Methods A random sampling method was used to collect 3kg of Zizania latifolia from at least 5% of plots in four villages of southern Zhejiang. Ordinary rice from the same natural village and harvest season were collected as the control for comparative analysis. According to the national standard detection methods for various nutrients in cereal foods, liquid chromatography, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and other techniques were used to detect the nutritional components. Results The crude protein content in the tested Zizania latifolia was 13.52%. The levels of nine essential amino acids were higher than the control rice, in which the contents of methionine and lysine were 3.9 and 3.2 times the control rice. The amino acid ratio and pattern were better than the control rice. The micronutrients from Zizania latifolia of southern Zhejiang detected were higher than the control rice. The contents of thiamine, riboflavin, potassium, iron,chromium,lithium,cobalt, manganese, nickel and phosphorus were higher than the rice from northern Jiangsu. Conclusion The results indicate that Zizania latifolia is potential in the prevention and control of chronic non-communicable diseases.
关键词
菰米 /
营养成分
Key words
Zizania latifolia /
nutritional composition
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基金
温州市基础性科研项目（No.Y20190190）
