目的 调查北京、广州两城市成年居民原花青素膳食摄入现况,了解其摄入原花青素的食物来源分布以及原花青素每日摄入达到特定建议值的情况,为引导成年人改善原花青素营养状况提供依据。方法 采用方便抽样,从北京、广州两城市选择18~59岁成年居民,纳入北京调查对象234人,广州290人,使用经过验证的食物频率问卷进行膳食调查,了解基本信息和食物摄入情况,对原花青素摄入量进行中位数及四分位数统计描述,并对按性别、年龄、城市分组后的原花青素摄入量及食物来源分布进行Mann-Whitney U检验。依据原花青素每日推荐摄入量200~400 mg,最高不超过800 mg的建议,对原花青素不同摄入范围的分组数据进行卡方检验,分析各组之间的差异。结果 北京、广州两城市成年居民每日膳食原花青素中位摄入量为169.0 mg,男性中位摄入量低于女性（141.9 mg vs 177.4 mg,P=0.014）,但不同年龄、不同城市居民原花青素摄入量的差异均未有统计学意义（P均>0.05）;北京、广州两城市成年居民原花青素摄入的主要食物来源为水果,占比的中位数为78.2%,在女性群体中水果来源占比高于男性（Z=–3.890,P<0.001）,在年轻人中水果来源占比高于中年人（Z=–3.014,P=0.003）,在广州成年居民中水果来源占比高于北京（Z=–2.128,P=0.033）;北京、广州两城市成年居民原花青素每日摄入量在200~800 mg的占比为36.6%（192人）,男性群体中原花青素摄入量处于适宜范围内的比例低于女性（χ2=6.731,P=0.035）。此外,调查显示仍有高达58.0%（304人）的成年居民每日原花青素摄入量未达到200 mg的推荐值下限。结论 北京、广州两城市成年居民原花青素摄入不足的情况较为普遍,日常膳食中应进一步促进富含原花青素的水果摄入,加强相关营养宣教和膳食干预。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the dietary intake of proanthocyanidins among adult residents in Beijing and Guangzhou, and analyze the food source distributions of proanthocyanidins intake. Methods Convenient sampling was used to select adult residents aged 18-59 years from Beijing and Guangzhou, with 234 participants from Beijing and 290 participants from Guangzhou. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to conduct a dietary survey to understand basic information and food intake. The median and quartiles of proanthocyanidins intake were statistically described, and the distribution of proanthocyanidins intake and food sources by gender, age, and city were subjected to Mann Whitney U test. According to the recommended daily intake of 200-400 mg of proanthocyanidins, with a maximum of 800 mg, Chi-square tests were performed on the grouping data of different intake ranges of proanthocyanidins to analyze the differences between the groups. Results The median daily dietary intake of proanthocyanidins of adult residents in Beijing and Guangzhou was 169.0 mg, with males having a lower median intake than females (141.9 mg vs 177.4 mg, P=0.014). However, there was no statistically significant difference in proanthocyanidins intake among residents of different ages and cities (P>0.05). The main food source for adult residents in Beijing and Guangzhou was fruits, with a median proportion of 78.2%. Among the female population, the proportion of fruits was higher than that of males (Z=–3.890, P<0.001). Among young people, the proportion of fruits was higher than that of middle-aged people (Z=–3.014, P=0.003). Among adult residents in Guangzhou, the proportion of fruits was higher than that of Beijing (Z=–2.128, P=0.033). The proportion of adult residents in Beijing and Guangzhou with a daily intake of 200-800 mg of proanthocyanidins was 36.6% (192 people), and the proportion of male population with a suitable intake of proanthocyanidins was lower than that of females (χ2=6.731, P=0.035). In addition, the survey showed that up to 58.0% (304 people) of adult residents still had a daily intake of proanthocyanidins lower than the recommended lower limit of 200 mg. Conclusion It is common for adult residents in Beijing and Guangzhou to have insufficient intake of proanthocyanidins. Therefore, it is necessary to further promote the intake of fruits rich in proanthocyanidins in their daily diet, strengthen relevant nutrition education and dietary intervention.
关键词
原花青素 /
膳食摄入 /
成年居民 /
北京 /
广州
Key words
proanthocyanidins /
dietary intake /
adult resident /
Beijing /
Guangzhou
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基金
北大医学-葆婴有限公司合作课题项目（No.2018-7）
