目的 了解甘肃省居民碘缺乏病（IDD）知识与防治行为现状,为有序推动IDD防治提供科学依据。方法 设计调查问卷,由大一新生通过微信推送给不同家庭,由家庭代表完成问卷,通过问卷星平台收集问卷资料,分析甘肃省居民IDD知识、知识来源和防治行为现状。结果 收到有效问卷2041份。IDD知识及格率仅为46.9%;42.1%的人知道“碘缺乏病的主要危害”;20.9%的人知道“我国普遍食盐加碘（USI）的最重要依据”;51.3%的人知道“碘营养适宜的重点人群”;61.9%的人知道“食盐加碘是最好的补碘措施”;62.3%的人知道“我国大多数外环境缺碘”;男性比女性、收入偏低比较高人群“食用加碘盐是最好的补碘措施”知晓率高（P<0.05）;收入较高人群对“USI预防儿童智力低下”与“我国大多数外环境缺碘”的知晓率高（P<0.05）;获取IDD知识前四位的渠道分别为电视、网络、书本、医务工作者,个别地区略有不同;80.6%的人坚持食用加碘盐,19.4%的人未坚持食用加碘盐（12.6%的人混合食用加碘盐与非加碘盐,6.8%的人食用非加碘盐）;高收入人群非加碘盐食用者达到12.7%,兰州与陇南地区非加碘盐食用者分别达到11.1%、10.1%;未坚持食用加碘盐人群中,54.4%（216/397）的人担心碘过量导致甲状腺疾病,37.3%（148/397）的人依市场提供购买而并未关注盐碘含量;食用富碘食物≥4次/月的人仅占 34.1%;在外就餐≥4次/月的人占 25.2%。结论 甘肃省居民IDD知识知晓率低,碘盐及富碘食物食用率低;盐业市场的开放、担心碘过量导致甲状腺疾病、过低的IDD知识是导致碘盐食用率下降的原因;应加强群众与餐饮业IDD健康教育,提高群众对食盐加碘防治碘缺乏病的正确认识,科学补碘。

Objective To investigate the status of IDD knowledge and prevention behavior of the residents in Gansu Province, so as to provide scientific basis for effective health education and health promotion. Methods The questionnaire was completed through Wechat push by university freshmen, and the questionnaire data was collected through the questionnaire Star platform. The knowledge, knowledge sources and prevention behavior were analyzed. Results A total of 2041 people were surveyed. The qualified rate of IDD knowledge was only 46.9%, in which 42.1% knew the main hazards of iodine deficiency disorders, 20.9% knew the most important basis for the implementation of universal salt iodization (USI) in China, 51.3% knew key groups with appropriate iodine nutrition, 61.9% knew that iodizing salt was the best iodine supplement, 62.3% knew that most of our external environments were iodine deficient. Male and those with lower income were more likely to believe that iodizing salt was the best iodine supplement (P<0.05). People with higher incomes were more likely to believe that USI prevents mental retardation in children and iodine is deficient in most of our external environments (P<0.05). The top four channels for acquiring IDD knowledge were television, internet, books and medical personnel, with slight differences among different cities and states. About 80.6% people insisted on eating iodized salt, and 19.4% did not insist on eating iodized salt. Non-iodized salt consumption reached 12.7% in high-income population, 11.1% in Lanzhou and 10.1% in Longnan. Among the people who didn’t adhere to eating iodized salt, 54.4% worried about thyroid disease caused by excessive iodine, and 37.3% bought salt according to the types of salt available in the market without paying attention to the iodine content of salt. Only 34.1% people ate iodine-rich food ≥4 times/month. The proportion of people who eat out ≥4 times/month was 25.2%. Conclusion The rate of IDD knowledge and the consumption rate of iodized salt and iodine rich food were low in Gansu Province. The opening of salt market, the fear of thyroid disease caused by excessive iodine, and the low IDD knowledge were the reasons for the decreasing iodized salt consumption rate. It is necessary to strengthen IDD health education and improve the understanding of salt iodization and scientific iodine supplement.