目的 研究鱼油 (fish oil, FO) 在低氧环境下对运动耐力的影响,并探讨相关机制。方法 第一部分将C57BL/6雄性小鼠随机分为常氧对照力竭组 (NCE1)、常氧FO力竭组 (NFE1)、低氧对照力竭组 (HCE1) 与低氧FO力竭组 (HFE1);第二部分将C57BL/6雄性小鼠随机分为常氧对照组 (NC)、低氧对照组 (HC)、低氧对照运动组 (HCE2) 及低氧FO运动组 (HFE2),对照组喂食标准饲料,FO组喂食FO饲料,低氧组小鼠在低氧舱内模拟4000 m海拔环境,每天24 h,连续9 w。干预结束后,第一部分小鼠进行一次性力竭跑台实验,第二部分小鼠进行1 h跑台运动后,取血液、肝脏及骨骼肌测定各项指标。结果 与NCE1组相比,NFE1组小鼠力竭时间显著延长 (P<0.05);与HCE1组相比,HFE1组小鼠力竭时间显著延长 (P<0.05);与NC组相比,HC组小鼠骨骼肌干扰素调节因子4 (IRF4) 表达显著增加 (P<0.05);HCE2组小鼠骨骼肌乳酸 (LA),丙二醛 (MDA) 含量显著升高,血糖、肝糖原 (LG)、骨骼肌超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性、糖原靶向蛋白 (PTG) 水平显著下降 (P<0.05);与HC组相比,HCE2组小鼠骨骼肌LA、MDA、IRF4表达显著升高,糖原合酶 (GS) 磷酸化比例显著增大,血糖、肌糖原 (MG)、LG、SOD活性、PTG水平显著降低 (P<0.05) ;与HCE2组相比,HFE2组小鼠骨骼肌LA、MDA、IRF4与GS磷酸化比例显著下降,血糖、MG、LG、SOD活性、PTG水平显著回 (P<0.05)。结论 FO可提高低氧暴露小鼠运动耐力,促进糖原合成。
Abstract
Objective To observe the effects of fish oil (FO) on exercise endurance following hypoxic exposure, and explore its underlying mechanisms. Methods In part one experiment, male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, including normoxia exhaustive control (NCE1) group, normoxia exhaustive FO (NFE1) group, hypoxia exhaustive control (HCE1) group and hypoxia exhaustive FO (HFE1) group. In part two, male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: normoxia control (NC) group, hypoxia control (HC) group, hypoxia exercise control (HCE2) group and hypoxia exercise FO (HFE2) group. Control groups were fed a standard chow, while FO groups were fed a diet containing FO. Hypoxia groups were placed in a hypobaric chamber with hypobaric hypoxia condition at an altitude of 4000 m, 24 h a day for 9 w. After exposure, acute exhaustion running experiment was performed in part one experiment. In part two experiment, 1 h running test was performed. Serum, liver and muscle samples were taken and biochemical parameters were determined. Results Compared with the NCE1 group, the exhaustion time of the NFE1 group was prolonged significantly (P<0.05). Similarly, the exhaustion time of the HFE1 group was significantly longer than that of the HCE1 group (P<0.05). Compared with the NC group, the expression of interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) in the HC group was significantly increased (P<0.05). The levels of lactic acid (LA) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the muscle were significantly increased in the HCE2 group, while the levels of blood glucose, liver glycogen (LG), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and protein targeting to glycogen (PTG) were decreased significantly in the HCE2 group (P<0.05). Compared with the HC group, the levels of LA, MDA, IRF4 and phosphorylation of glycogen synthase (pGS) in the muscle were increased significantly in the HCE2 group, while blood glucose, muscle glycogen (MG), LG, activities of SOD and PTG were decreased significantly in the HCE2 group (P<0.05). Compared with the HCE2 group, the levels of LA, MDA, IRF4 and pGS in the muscle were decreased significantly, while blood glucose, MG, LG, activities of SOD and PTG were significantly increased in the HFE2 group (P<0.05). Conclusion FO can improve exercise endurance in mice following hypoxic exposure by promoting glycogen synthesis.
关键词
鱼油 /
低氧 /
疲劳 /
小鼠 /
糖原
Key words
fish oil /
hypoxia /
fatigue /
mouse /
glycogen
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