目的 探究槲皮素对小鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用及可能机制。方法 将48只小鼠随机分成6组,分别为正常对照（NC）组、酒精性肝损伤（ALI）组、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）组、槲皮素低（Que-L）、中（Que-M）、高剂量（Que-H）组,每组8只。各干预组灌胃给药（12.5 ml/kg）,NC组及ALI组灌胃给予等体积生理盐水,连续14 d后,ALI组及各药物组采用52%vol衡水老白干（12.5 ml/kg）灌胃,每日1次,连续3次,诱导急性肝损伤,NC组处理同前14 d;末次灌胃结束,禁食不禁水16 h后小鼠称重、采集血液、处死小鼠采集肝组织;采用微板法检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）水平,ELISA法检测肝组织乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、TBA法检测肝组织丙二醛（MDA）水平,HE染色后光镜下观察肝组织病理改变情况,Western blot法检测细胞焦亡相关蛋白NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3（NLRP3）、胱天蛋白酶（Caspase）-1、Caspase-11、白介素（IL）-1β的表达。结果 与NC组相比,ALI组血清ALT、AST、肝组织LDH、MDA水平及焦亡相关蛋白NLRP3、Caspase-1、Caspase-11、IL-1β表达均显著升高（P<0.01）;肝组织出现明显病理改变;与ALI组相比,各干预组血清ALT、AST、肝组织LDH、MDA水平及焦亡相关蛋白NLRP3、Caspase-1、Caspase-11、IL-1β表达均显著降低（P<0.05~0.01）,肝组织病理损伤明显改善。结论 槲皮素可能通过下调细胞焦亡途径相关蛋白的表达而对酒精性肝损伤起到保护作用。

Objective To investigate the protective effects and possible mechanism of quercetin on alcoholic liver injury in mice. Methods Forty-eight mice were randomly divided into six groups: normal control group（NC）, alcoholic liver injury group （ALI）, glutathione group（GSH）、low dosage quercetin group（Que-L）, middle dosage quercetin group（Que-M）and high dosage quercetin group（Que-H）, with eight mice in each group. Mice in the intervention groups were given intragastric administration （12.5 ml/kg） for 14 consecutive days, while the NC group and ALI group were given the same volume of saline intragastrically. Then mice received 52% vol Heng Shui Liquor (12.5 ml/kg) intragastrically for three consecutive times, once a day, to induce acute alcoholic liver injury except for the NC group which was treated the same as the previous 14 days. After the last treatment, mice in each group were weighed, serum and liver samples were obtained. The serum levels of ALT and AST were detected using microplate method. The levels of LDH in hepatic tissue were detected by ELISA while the levels of MDA in hepatic tissue were detectded by TBA method. The pathological changes in the liver were observed by light microscope after HE staining. The expressions of pyroptosis-related proteins NLRP3、Caspase-1、Caspase-11 and IL-1β were detected using Western blot. Results Compared with the NC group, serum ALT, AST and hepatic LDH, MDA levels of the ALI group were significantly increased. The pyroptosis-related proteins NLRP3, Caspase-1, Caspase-11 and IL-1β expressions were significantly increased（P＜0.01）.The histopathological injury of the liver was obvious. Compared to the ALI group, serum of ALT, AST and hepatic LDH, MDA in the intervention groups were significantly decreased while the expressions of pyroptosis-related proteins NLRP3、Caspase-1、Caspase-11 and IL-1β were significantly decreased（P＜0.05－0.01）. The histopathological injury of the liver was also improvesd. Conclusion Quercetin has a protective effect on alcoholic liver injury possibly by downregulating the expression of proteins related to the pyroptosis pathway.