目的 比较生酮饮食（ketogenic diet,KD）和极低热量生酮饮食（very low calorie ketogenic diet,VLCKD）控制体重和减轻肝损伤的效果。方法 将30只3 w龄雄性SD (Sprague-Dawley, SD）大鼠随机分为正常对照组（control diet group,CD group,n=6）和饮食诱导肥胖组（diet induced obesity group,DIO group,n=24）;饮食诱导肥胖组饲喂60%高脂饲料造模10 w,将18只成功造模的肥胖大鼠随机分为3组：KD组（n=6）、VLCKD组（n=6）和高脂饮食组（high fat diet group,HFD group,n=6）,CD组继续作为对照组。干预5 w,记录体重（body weight,BW）、腹围（abdominal circumference,AC）、体长、食物摄入量、血糖和血酮的变化,分析肝脏损伤、糖脂代谢、氧化应激和炎性因子变化。结果 VLCKD组大鼠的体重和Lee’s指数明显降低;KD组大鼠血糖和血脂代谢的改善比 VLCKD 组更为明显;VLCKD组大鼠肝脏中白细胞介素-6（interleukin-6,IL-6）、白细胞介素-1β（interleukin-1β,IL-1β）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α）的水平明显低于KD组。KD对肝脏中丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px）水平的改善更明显。结论 VLCKD和KD可改善高脂饮食诱导的糖脂代谢异常、肝脏炎症和氧化应激水平,VLCKD对肝脏炎症因子有显著影响,而KD对肝脏氧化应激水平有显著影响。
Abstract
Objective To compare the effects of ketogenic diet (KD) and very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) on body weight control and liver injury in obese rats. Methods Thirty 3-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal control group (CD group, n=6) and a diet-induced obesity group (DIO group, n=24). The DIO group was fed a 60% high-fat diet for 10 weeks to model obesity. Eighteen successfully modeled obese rats were randomly divided into three groups: KD group (n=6), VLCKD group (n=6), and high fat diet group (HFD group, n=6). After a 5-week intervention, changes of body weight (BW), abdominal circumference (AC), body length, food intake, blood glucose and ketones were recorded. The alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism, liver injury, and oxidative stress were analyzed. Results The body weight and Lee's index of rats in the VLCKD group were significantly reduced. The improvements in blood glucose and lipid metabolism in the KD group were more pronounced than in the VLCKD group. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the liver were significantly lower in the VLCKD group than in the KD group. The improvements in malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels in the liver were more pronounced in the KD group. Conclusion VLCKD and KD can improve glucose and lipid metabolism, liver inflammation, and oxidative stress in obese rats. VLCKD has a significant impact on liver inflammatory factors, while KD has a significant impact on liver oxidative stress.
关键词
生酮饮食 /
极低热量生酮饮食 /
肥胖 /
肝损伤 /
大鼠
Key words
ketogenic diet /
very low-calorie ketogenic diet /
obesity /
liver injury /
rats
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基金
国家自然科学基金（No.81861138007）
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