胆碱与健康：基于人体研究的系统综述

冯凯滢; 彭俊洪; 黄旭航; 黎淑仪; 张国强; 朱惠莲

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营养学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5) : 495-505.

综述

胆碱与健康：基于人体研究的系统综述

冯凯滢¹, 彭俊洪¹, 黄旭航², 黎淑仪³, 张国强⁴, 朱惠莲¹

作者信息 +

CHOLINE AND HEALTH: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW BASED ON HUMAN STUDIES

FENG Kai-ying¹, PENG Jun-hong¹, HUANG Xu-hang², LI Shu-yi³, ZHANG Guo-qiang⁴, ZHU Hui-lian¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的综述胆碱与婴幼儿认知和生长发育、中老年认知功能、代谢相关性脂肪肝、体重和体成分、癌症以及全因死亡等多种健康结局的关系。方法计算机检索PubMed、Scopus、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献数据库在2003年1月1日至2024年5月11日期间发表的膳食和循环胆碱与上述健康结局相关的前瞻性研究、系统综述和Meta分析文献。结果从检索到的34 655篇文献中,共筛选出90篇文献。主要发现：（1）增加胆碱摄入与6月龄到7岁婴幼儿更好的记忆、语言、学习、注意、执行等维度的认知功能相关;（2）胆碱摄入与健康婴幼儿的身高、体重呈正相关,增加胆碱摄入可改善有酒精暴露史婴幼儿的体重及头围等生长发育情况;（3）增加胆碱摄入可改善中老年人认知功能,降低老年性痴呆发病风险及延缓痴呆症状进展;（4）胆碱摄入可降低脂肪肝发病风险;（5）血胆碱与维持健康体成分相关;（6）未观察到胆碱与癌症发病风险或全因死亡风险之间存在明显关联。结论胆碱作为必需营养素,与多种有益的健康结局密切相关,应合理摄入富含胆碱的食物,并将其视为健康饮食的一部分,以获得最大健康效益。

Abstract

Objective To review the effects of choline on early childhood cognitive function and growth development, middle-age and elderly cognitive function, metabolic associated fatty liver disease, body composition, cancer, risk of mortality. Methods Electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and SinoMed from 2003.01 to 2024.05 were searched for systematic reviews, meta-analysis and prospective studies related to the association between choline and health outcomes. Results A total of 90 studies from 34655 papers were included. We found that: (1) higher choline intake was correlated with better cognitive function such as memory, language, learning, attention, and executive function in infants and children aged 6 months to 7 years; (2) choline intake was positively correlated with the height and weight of infants, and could also improve growth (such as body weight and head circumference) in infants with prenatal alcohol exposure; (3) higher intake of choline showed a significant association with enhanced cognitive performance in middle-aged and older adults, which contributed to reduced Alzheimer's disease incidence and attenuated progression of dementia-related symptoms; (4) choline intake could reduce the risk of fatty liver disease; (5) serum choline was associated with improved body composition; (6) no significant association was observed between choline and the overall risk of cancers or the risk of all-cause mortality. Conclusion Choline is closely associated with a variety of beneficial health outcomes. Choline-rich foods should be reasonably consumed as part of a healthy diet to obtain maximum health benefits.

导出引用

冯凯滢, 彭俊洪, 黄旭航, 黎淑仪, 张国强, 朱惠莲. 胆碱与健康：基于人体研究的系统综述[J]. 营养学报. 2025, 47(5): 495-505

FENG Kai-ying, PENG Jun-hong, HUANG Xu-hang, LI Shu-yi, ZHANG Guo-qiang, ZHU Hui-lian. CHOLINE AND HEALTH: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW BASED ON HUMAN STUDIES[J]. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica. 2025, 47(5): 495-505

中图分类号： R151

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