酵母益生菌对过敏性鼻炎儿童肠道菌群及症状的改善作用

金哲宇; 张华琦; 杨创; 朱娅; 刘锦; 杨年红

PDF(4376 KB)

营养学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (2) : 118-127.

论著

酵母益生菌对过敏性鼻炎儿童肠道菌群及症状的改善作用

金哲宇, 张华琦, 杨创, 朱娅, 刘锦, 杨年红

作者信息 +

EFFECTS OF YEAST PROBIOTICS ON GUT MICROBIOTA AND SYMPTOM IN CHILDREN WITH ALLERGIC RHINITIS

JIN Zhe-yu, ZHANG Hua-qi, YANG Chuang, ZHU Ya, LIU Jin, YANG Nian-hong

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的分析过敏性鼻炎儿童（allergic rhinitis,AR）的肠道菌群特征,并评估酵母益生菌干预对不同严重程度AR患儿肠道菌群的影响及症状改善作用。方法纳入20名6~8岁AR患儿作为干预组,7名健康儿童作为对照组,采用标准化问卷评估鼻症状与胃肠道症状,收集粪便样本。AR患儿给予安琪纽特酵母益生菌每日1包,干预第4 w和第8 w随访,评估鼻症状及胃肠道症状并于第8 w收集粪便样本。采用16S rRNA基因测序检测粪便DNA。比较AR患儿与健康对照组的肠道菌群,并根据基线时鼻症状评分将患儿分为轻微组和严重组,比较干预前后肠道菌群结构差异和过敏症状改善情况,并分析二者的关联。结果与对照组相比,过敏组基线时放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、双歧杆菌属（Bifidobacterium）、嗜热链球菌（Streptococcus_thermophilus）等丰度显著较低（P<0.05）;干预4周、8w后,严重组患儿鼻症状评分及胃肠道症状评分均显著下降,并伴有双岐杆菌属（Bifidobacterium）、乳酸杆菌属（Lactobacillus）和长双歧杆菌（Bifidobacterium_longum）丰度显著增加。结论摄入酵母益生菌可显著改善AR患儿肠道菌群构成,并缓解患儿鼻部和胃肠道症状。

Abstract

Objective To explore the characteristics of gut microbiota in children with allergic rhinitis (AR) and to evaluate the effects of yeast probiotics intervention on gut microbiota composition and the improvement of allergy symptoms. Methods Twenty children aged 6-8 years with AR were included in the intervention group, and seven healthy children were included as the control group. Standardized questionnaires were used to assess nasal and gastrointestinal symptoms, and fecal samples were collected for microbiota analysis. Children with AR received yeast probiotics (Angel brand) once daily for 8 weeks. Nasal and gastrointestinal symptoms were reassessed at 4 weeks and 8 weeks follow-up, and fecal samples were collected at week 8 again. Fecal DNA was extracted and analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to characterize the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota profiles of children with allergic rhinitis (AR) were compared with those of the healthy control group. Children with AR were further divided into mild and severe subgroups based on baseline nasal symptom scores, and changes in gut microbiota characteristics after intervention, as well as their association with symptom scores, were analyzed. Results Compared with the control group, the AR group exhibited significantly lower abundances of Actinobacteria, Bifidobacterium, and Streptococcus thermophilus (P<0.05). After 4 or 8 weeks of intervention, both nasal symptom scores and gastrointestinal symptom score decreased significantly in the severe AR subgroup, along with significant increase in Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium longum. Conclusion This study demonstrates that yeast probiotics supplementation effectively modifies gut microbiota composition and alleviates both nasal and gastrointestinal symptoms in children with severe symptoms.

导出引用

金哲宇, 张华琦, 杨创, 朱娅, 刘锦, 杨年红. 酵母益生菌对过敏性鼻炎儿童肠道菌群及症状的改善作用[J]. 营养学报. 2026, 48(2): 118-127

JIN Zhe-yu, ZHANG Hua-qi, YANG Chuang, ZHU Ya, LIU Jin, YANG Nian-hong. EFFECTS OF YEAST PROBIOTICS ON GUT MICROBIOTA AND SYMPTOM IN CHILDREN WITH ALLERGIC RHINITIS[J]. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica. 2026, 48(2): 118-127

中图分类号： R153.2

参考文献

[1] Barr JG, Al-Reefy H, Fox AT, et al. Allergic rhinitis in children[J]. BMJ, 2014, 349:g4153.
[2] Marino-Sanchez F, Valls-Mateus M, De Los Santos G, et al. Multimorbidities of pediatric allergic rhinitis[J]. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep, 2019, 1:13.
[3] 王睿坤, 梁婧琪, 韩伟,等. 2001—2021年中国儿童青少年过敏性鼻炎患病率的Meta分析[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2022, 56:784–793.
[4] Papapostolou G, Kiotseridis H, Romberg K, et al. Cognitive dysfunction and quality of life during pollen season in children with seasonal allergic rhinitis[J]. Pediatr Allergy Immunol, 2021, 32:67–76.
[5] Liu J, Zhang X, Zhao Y, et al. The association between allergic rhinitis and sleep: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies[J]. PLoS One, 2020, 15:e0228533.
[6] Avdeeva KS, Reitsma S, Fokkens WJ.Direct and indirect costs of allergic and non-allergic rhinitis in the Netherlands[J]. Allergy, 2020, 75:2993–2996.
[7] Adak A, Khan MR.An insight into gut microbiota and its functionalities[J]. Cell Mol Life Sci, 2019, 76:473–493.
[8] Alao JO, Bamigboye FO.Nasal-gut microbiome axis in health and disease[J]. Med Microecol, 2025,26:100153.
[9] Fiuza BSD, de Andrade CM, Meirelles PM, et al. Gut microbiome signature and nasal lavage inflammatory markers in young people with asthma[J]. J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob, 2024,3:100242.
[10] Qin HB, Sui JX, Wang S, et al. Gut microbiota-metabolome crosstalk in allergic diseases: mechanistic insights and translational opportunities[J]. Front Allergy, 2025,6:1631479.
[11] Guo S, Al-Sadi R, Said HM, et al. Lipopolysaccharide causes an increase in intestinal tight junction permeability in vitro and in vivo by inducing enterocyte membrane expression and localization of TLR-4 and CD14[J]. Am J Pathol, 2013,182:375–387.
[12] Hsiung S, Moro A, Ban Y, et al. Acute lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation lowers IL-2R signaling and the proliferative potential of regulatory T cells[J]. ImmunoHorizons, 2020,4:809–824.
[13] Hill C, Guarner F, Reid G, et al. Expert consensus document. The international scientific association for probiotics and prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic[J]. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2014,11:506–514.
[14] Zuccotti G, Meneghin F, Aceti A, et al. Probiotics for prevention of atopic diseases in infants: systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Allergy, 2015,70:1356–1371.
[15] Plaza-Diaz J, Ruiz-Ojeda FJ, Gil-Campos M, et al. Mechanisms of action of probiotics[J]. Adv Nutr, 2019,10:549–566.
[16] Dennis-Wall JC, Culpepper T, Nieves C Jr, et al. Probiotics (Lactobacillus gasseri KS-13, Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1, and Bifidobacterium longum MM-2) improve rhinoconjunctivitis-specific quality of life in individuals with seasonal allergies: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial[J]. Am J Clin Nutr, 2017,10:758–767
[17] Fiocchi A, Cabana MD, Mennini M.Current use of probiotics and prebiotics in allergy[J]. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract, 2022,10:2219–2242.
[18] Jeong K, Jang SW, Jeon SA, et al. Efficacy of Bifidobacterium longum and Lactobacillus plantarum (NVP-1703) in children with allergic rhinitis: a randomized controlled trial[J]. J Korean Med Sci, 2024, 39:e266.
[19] 李荣, 陈仪婷, 吕佳骏,等. 上海市学龄儿童过敏性疾病流行现状及相关因素分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42: 1251–660.
[20] Vanna AT, Yamada E, Arruda LK, et al. International study of asthma and allergies in childhood: validation of the rhinitis symptom questionnaire and prevalence of rhinitis in school children in São Paulo, Brazil[J]. Pediatr Allergy Immunol, 2001, 12:95–101.
[21] 牟静怡, 于欣, 侯润馨, 等. 南京市秦淮区婴幼儿过敏性疾病相关危险因素分析[J]. 医学食疗与健康, 2023, 21: 35-38,4.
[22] Hu B, Kuang Y, Jing Y, et al. Pediatric allergic rhinitis with functional gastrointestinal disease: associations with the intestinal microbiota and gastrointestinal peptides and therapeutic effects of interventions[J]. Hum Exp Toxicol, 2021,40:2012–2021.
[23] 陶雪莹, 岑超, 何俐莹. 过敏性鼻炎患儿肠道菌群变化及双歧杆菌三联活菌散对其辅助治疗效果[J]. 中国微生态学杂志, 2019, 31: 1409–1412.
[24] 任润媛, 雷刚, 赵颜俐,等. 肠道菌群改变与儿童变应性鼻炎的相关性研究[J]. 中国耳鼻咽喉颅底外科杂志, 2024, 30: 25–31.
[25] 张盼盼. 儿童过敏性鼻炎与肠道微生态关系的临床和基础研究 [D].西安:中国人民解放军空军军医大学, 2023.
[26] Dong J, Ping L, Cao T, et al. Immunomodulatory effects of the Bifidobacterium longum BL-10 on lipopolysaccharide-lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal mucosal immune injury[J]. Front Immunol, 2022,13:947755.
[27] Bergmann KR, Liu SXL, Tian R, et al. Bifidobacteria stabilize claudins at tight junctions and prevent intestinal barrier dysfunction in mouse necrotizing enterocolitis[J]. Am J Pathol, 2013,182:1595–1606.
[28] Wan J, Song J, Lv Q, et al. Alterations in the gut microbiome of young children with airway allergic disease revealed by next-generation sequencing[J]. J Asthma Allergy, 2023,16:961–972.
[29] Shin NR, Whon TW, Bae JW.Proteobacteria: microbial signature of dysbiosis in gut microbiota[J]. Trends Biotechnol, 2015,33:496–503.
[30] Zimmermann P, Messina N, Mohn WW, et al. Association between the intestinal microbiota and allergic sensitization, eczema, and asthma: a systematic review[J]. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2019,143:467–485.
[31] Smith PM, Howitt Mr, Panikov N, et al. The microbial metabolites, short-chain fatty acids, regulate colonic Treg cell homeostasis[J]. Science, 2013, 341:569–573.
[32] Furusawa Y, Obata Y, Fukuda S, et al. Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells[J]. Nature, 2013, 504:446–450.
[33] Montuori-Andrade ACM, Nolasco AE, Malacco NLSO, et al. Lactobacillus delbrueckii UFV-H2b20 increases IFN-γ production and CD39+CD73+Treg cell numbers in lungs, and protects mice against experimental allergic asthma[J]. Immunobiology, 2022, 227:152284.
[34] Kim HS, Kim B, Holzapfel WH, et al. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum APsulloc 331261 (GTB1) promotes butyrate production to suppress mucin hypersecretion in a murine allergic airway inflammation model[J]. Front Microbiol, 2024, 14:1292266.
[35] Feng X, Li L, Yan L, et al. Probiotics attenuate food allergy via short-chain fatty acids-mediated immune modulation and gut barrier restoration[J]. Foods, 2025, 14:3953.
[36] Cukrowska B, Ceregra A, Maciorkowska E, et al. The effectiveness of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lacticaseibacillus casei strains in children with atopic dermatitis and cow’s milk protein allergy: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study[J]. Nutrients, 2021, 13:1169.
[37] Han ZD, Zhu HH, Yang YN, et al. Weizmannia coagulans BC99 alleviates pediatric allergic rhinitis via the gut microbiota-SCFAs-immunomodulatory axis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial[J]. Int Immunopharmacol, 2026, 168:115787.
[38] Miraglia Del Giudice M, Indolfi C, Capasso M, et al. Bifidobacterium mixture (B longum BB536, B infantis M-63, B breve M-16V) treatment in children with seasonal allergic rhinitis and intermittent asthma[J].Ital J Pediatr, 2017, 43:25.
[39] Anania C, Di Marino VP, Olivero F, et al. Treatment with a probiotic mixture containing Bifidobacterium animalis Subsp. Lactis BB12 and Enterococcus faecium L3 for the prevention of allergic rhinitis symptoms in children: a randomized controlled trial[J].Nutrients, 2021, 13:1315.
[40] Farahmandi K, Mohr AE, McFarland LV. Effects of probiotics on allergic rhinitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials[J].Am J Rhinol Allergy, 2022, 36:440-450.
[41] Teng Z, Li Q, Shen XF.Correlations of nasal microbiome with allergic rhinitis and its symptoms severity in children progression[J].J Asthma Allergy, 2024, 17:1187-1196.