Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects of Radix Angelicae Sinensis (RADA) on airway mucus hypersecretion and the tumor necrosis factor-α/ nuclear factor- κB (TNF-α/NF-κB) signaling pathway in Yin-deficiency asthma mice. Methods: KM mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, ambroxol group and RADA low, medium and high dose (2, 4 and 8 g/kg) group(n=12). Ovalbumin and the thyroid gland were used to replicate the model of Yin-deficiency asthma. Asthma symptoms in mice , immune globulin E (IgE) , TNF-α , and the expressions of Mucin 5ac (Muc5ac) and NF- κB in lung tissue were observed under the intervention of RADA. Results: RADA at the doses of 2,4 and 8 g/kg could alleviate the asthma symptoms of Yin-deficiency asthma mice significantly, reduce the levels of IgE in serum and TNF-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and inhibite the overexpressions of Muc5ac and NF- κB in lung tissue. Conclusion: RADA has significant anti-asthmatic effect. One of its mechanisms is to inhibit TNF-α/NF- κB signaling pathway and to alleviate airway mucus hypersecretion.

Objective: To investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the disturbance of brain network dysfunction after sleep deprivation (SD). Methods: The experimental design of self-control was used in the study. All 16 subjects received 2 times of 24 h SD with an interval of 3 weeks. After the first normal sleep, 24 h SD and transcranial electrical stimulation (true or false stimulation) intervention (the current magnitude of true and false stimulation was 1 mA, and the action time was 20 min and 2 s, respectively. The intervention experiment lasted for 20 min. ) and the resting magnetic resonance imaging data were collected after the second transcranial electrical stimulation (sham or true stimulation). The resting fMRI data were collected as baseline before SD, the bilateral posterior cingulate cortex in the default mode network was selected as the seed point, and the functional connectivity between the seed points and the whole brain was calculated. Results: Compared with the rest wakefulness, the functional connectivity among bilateral posterior cingulate cortex, bilateral thalamus and hippocampus was increased (P＜0. 01), but connected with the right precuneus, bilateral insula was decreased after 24 h SD (P＜0. 01). Compared with the sham tDCS group, the functional connectivity between left posterior cingulate cortex seed point and right precuneus of tDCS group was increased (P＜0. 01); but decreased with the bilateral thalamus, insula and right cerebral cortex (P＜0. 01). There was a decrease in the functional connectivity among the right posterior cingulate cortex and the bilateral thalamus, right insula, and cerebral cortex(P＜0. 01). Conclusion: 24-hours sleep deprivation can cause functional connection disorder of bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus, and transcranial electrical stimulation can improve the functional connection disorder after sleep deprivation to some extent.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of butylphthalide on microglia activation and inflammatory factors in frontal lobe of rats after chronic sleep deprivation. Methods: Rats were divided into four groups(n＝8): control group, platform group, chronic sleep deprivation group and butylphthalide intervention group. Chronic sleep deprivation was performed in rats of chronic sleep deprivation group and butylphthalide intervention group for 18 h per day using the multiple platforms method, and sleep deprivation lasted for 28 days. At the same time, rats in platform group were put in platform, while rats in control group were in normal sleep. After 28 days of sleep deprivation, rats in butylphthalide intervention group were intraperitoneally injected with butylphthalide 100 mg/kg for 14 days, meanwhile rats in other groups were intraperitoneally injected with saline. Then brains were collected and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule-1 (Iba-1) positive cells in cortex in frontal lobe were studied and counted. The expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase1 (Arg1) in frontal lobe were detected by Western blot, and the mRNA levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined by real-time PCR. Results: Compared with control or platform group, the Iba-1 positive cells in chronic sleep deprivation group were large with long process, and increased cell counts were also found in the chronic sleep deprivation group (all P＜0. 05). Moreover, the mRNA expression levels of iNOS, IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α were increased, while the expression of Arg1 was decreased in frontal lobe in rats of the chronic sleep deprivation group compared with the control or platform group (all P＜0. 05). The Iba-1 positive cells in butylphthalide intervention group were reduced compared with chronic sleep deprivation group (P＜0. 05). And the mRNA expression levels of iNOS, IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α were decreased, while the expression of Arg1 did not chang in rats of the butylphthalide intervention group compared with the chronic sleep deprivation group (all P＜0. 05). Conclusion: Butylphthalide might inhibit the activation and decrease the inflammatory factors in frontal lobe of rats after chronic sleep deprivation.

Objective: To explore the effects of total sleep deprivation (TSD) on brain attention network and to analyze the effects of sleep deprivation on individual selective attention network conflict effect and electroencephalograph (EEG) sample entropy. Methods: Twenty-five healthy subjects participated in the test from 9: 00am that day to 9: 00pm next day. The subjects completed the attention network task (ANT) before and after TSD, and synchronously recorded the EEG signals. Sample entropy algorithm was used to analyze the changes of EEG complexity in delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma frequency bands before and after TSD. Results: Compared with before TSD, the reaction time of attention network conflict effect was significantly decreased after TSD (P＜0. 01), and rate was increased significantly (P＜0. 01). Sample entropy analysis of EEG showed that in beta frequency bands, the sample entropy related to attention network conflict control was increased significantly after TSD (P＜0. 01). No significant difference was found in other EEG frequency bands. Conclusion: TSD reduces the effect of brain attention network conflict, reflecting the decline of conflict control ability after 36 h TSD.

Objective: To investigate whether the increased expression of thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) in diabetes affects the senescence of islet β cells. Methods: Six normal mice (db/m) and six diabetic mice (db/db) were randomly selected. Fasting blood glucose was measured by blood sugar meter, the expression levels of TXNIP protein, p16, p21 and Rb in pancreatic tissues were detected by Western blot, senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity in pancreatic tissue was determined by immunochemical staining. INS-1 islet beta cells were randomly divided into 7 groups (n=6), and transfected with lentiviruses (30 μl) for 4 to 6 hours, then was screened with puromycin (PM, 3 μg/m) for 7 days to construct normal group, scramble ShRNA group (interference with airborne poison group), TXNIP-ShRNA-1 group (TXNIP silence group-1), TXNIP-ShRNA-2 group (TXNIP silence group 2), TXNIP-ShRNA-3 group (TXNIP silence group 3), Ad-GFP group (overexpression of the air virus group), Ad-TXNIP-GFP group (TXNIP overexpression group) stably transferred INS-1 islet beta cell line. TXNIP protein expression was detected by Western blot, aging-related beta-galactosidase activity was detected by immunochemical staining, the changes of expression of p16, p21 and Rb was determined by Western blot. Results: Compared with normal mice, the fasting blood glucose of db/db group was increased significantly (P＜0. 01), the expression of TXNIP protein was increased significantly in pancreatic tissues(P＜0. 05), positive staining rate of β- galactosidase was increased significantly in pancreatic tissues, p16/p21/Rb protein expression levels were increased significantly (P＜0. 05). Compared with Ad-GFP group, the positive staining rate of β- galactosidase in Ad-TXNIP-GFP group was increased significantly, p16/p21/Rb protein expression levels were increased significantly (P＜0. 01). Compared to the scramble ShRNA group, the positive staining rate of β- galactosidase in TXNIP-ShRNA group was decreased, p16/p21/Rb protein expression levels were decreased significantly (P＜0. 05). Conclusion: Diabetes can induce islet β-cell senescence by up-regulating TXNIP expression.

Objective: To study the effects of mice macrophages on myogenic differentiation and insulin sensitivity of skeletal muscle cells under high glucose condition. Methods: C2C12 myoblasts and RAW264. 7 macrophages were co-cultured in transwell and treated with 60 mmol/L glucose. They were randomly divided into single culture control group (SC group, n=12), co-culture control group (CC group, n=12), single culture high glucose group (SH group, n=12) and co-culture high glucose group (CH group, n=12). Cell morphology was observed by phase contrast microscope. C2C12 were collected after 1 and 3 days of co-culture. Cell viability was measured by CCK-8. Embryonic myosin heavy chain (E-MHC) and glucose transporters 4 (GLUT4) protein expressions were detected by immunofluorescence. The expressions of myogenic factor 5 (Myf5), myogenic determination gene (MyoD) and myogenin gene were detected by real-time PCR. 2-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-13-diazol-4-yl) amino)-2-deoxyglucose (2-NBDG) assay was used to detect the cellular basis and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Results: Under normal glucose concentration, this co-culture with RAW264. 7 promoted C2C12 myotube formation, E-MHC protein expression (P＜0. 01), MyoD and myogenin gene expressions (P＜ 0. 05), insulin-stimulated 2-NBDG uptake (P＜0. 05), and basic GLUT4 level (P＜0. 05). High glucose stimulation inhibited myotube formation, myogenic regulatory factor gene expression, 2-NBDG uptake and GLUT4 expression in C2C12 (P＜0. 05). When co-cultured with C2C12 under high glucose treatment, compared with co-culture control group and high glucose group, cell activity, E-MHC protein expression, myogenic regulator gene expressions, 2-NBDG uptake and GLUT4 protein expression were significantly decreased (P＜0. 05). Conclusion: Co-culture with RAW264. 7 promotes myogenic differentiation and increases insulin sensitivity in C2C12, but this effect is reversed under 60 mmol/L glucose treatment, which inhibits myogenic differentiation and induces insulin resistance.

Objective: To observe the effects of repeated horizontal -Gx acceleration exposure on cardiac structure in New Zealand rabbits. Methods: Twenty New Zealand rabbits were divided into 2 groups (n=10): control group and -Gx acceleration exposure group. The rabbits in -Gx acceleration exposure group were exposed to -3. 6 Gx with 2 s, at intervals of 5 min, repeated 20 times daily, with a total of 30 d; the control group didn't undergo the acceleration stress. After the last -Gx acceleration exposure, the animals were killed by intravenous injection of air, and two small pieces of myocardium were immediately dissected from the left ventricles for structure examination using optical microscope and transmission electron microscope. Results: There was no significant difference in the myocardial cell morphology and arrangement observed under the optical microscope between the -Gx acceleration exposure group and the control group; the myocardial fibers arranged in disorder, myocardial cell edema, nuclear membrane expansion, vascular endothelial basement membrane separation were observed in the -Gx acceleration exposure group under transmission electron microscope, compared with the control group. Conclusion: -Gx acceleration exposure can lead to ultrastructural damage in rabbit cardiac myocytes. It suggested that the more attention should be paid to the effect and protection of long-term horizontal -Gx acceleration exposure on the cardiac function of carrier fighter pilots.

Objective: To investigate the effects of butylphthalide (NBP) on learning and memory related ability, hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) content in hippocampus and amygdala, cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) expression and mitochondrial ATPase activity in rats with chronic alcoholism. Methods: Ninety SD male rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group (NC), model group (M) and butylphthalide remedy group (BR). Except for the control group, the water solution containing 6% (v/v) alcohol was used as the sole source of drinking water in the other two groups. After 14 days of feeding, the butylphthalide remedy group was injected with NBP intraperitoneally at the dose of 5 mg/kg once a day for 14 consecutive days, and the remaining two groups were injected with the same dose of normal saline. The control group subsequently used the Morris water maze method to observe and record the animals after entering the water. The time required for the underwater platform, their strategies and their swimming trajectories could analyze and infer the animal's ability to learn and remember. H₂S concentration, CBS expression and mitochondrial ATPase activity in hippocampus and amygdale were dectected. Results: Compared with NC group, the latency period and swimming distance of M group were increased, the content of H₂S and the mean optical density of CBS in hippocampus and amygdala were increased, and the activity of mitochondrial ATPase in hippocampus and amygdala was decreased significantly (P＜0. 01) . Compared with the M group, the latency period and swimming distance of learning and memory performance of BR group were decreased, the content of H₂S and the mean optical density of CBS in hippocampus and amygdala were decreased, and the activity of mitochondrial ATPase in hippocampus and amygdala was increased significantly (P＜0. 01) . Conclusion: NBP can alleviate the effect of ethanol on learning and memory in rats, which may be related to the effect of NBP on the concentration of H₂S and the expression of CBS in the amygdala of hippocampus and the increase of ATPase activity.

Objective: To investigate the improvement effects of Xiaotan Huayu Liqiao Formula on cognitive impairment in mice exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), and to explore the related mechanisms. Methods: Forty-eight male C57 BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups as Normoxia, CIH, Formula+CIH and Formula group. Mice were exposed to normoxia in the normoxia and formula group, or intermittent hypoxia in CIH or Formula+CIH group (in the chambers, mice were filled with 100% N₂ to produce FiO₂ of 9% for 1. 5 min. The FiO₂ gradually returned to 21% over the remainder of each cycle. The exposure cycle was repeated every 3 min, 8 h/day for 35 days). Mice were treated with Xiaotan Huayu Liqiao Formula at the dose of 26. 8 g/kg by intragastric administration before CIH exposure. Meanwhile, mice in CIH and normoxia group were given the same volume of normal saline. When the experiment lasts for 26-35 d, Morris water maze was used to detect cognitive dysfunction in mice. At the end of 35 days, Y-maze was performed in each group. After anesthesia, hippocampus was isolated for morphological observation and Western blot ananlysis. Nissl staining and electron microscopy were adopted to assess the neuronal damage in hippocampus, and Western blot was used to detect the levels of PSD-95 and synapsin expression. Results: Compared with normoxia group,the performance of CIH mice was significantly reduced in Morris water maze and Y-maze(P＜0. 01,P＜0. 01). Both the number of Nissl staining positive cells and the thickness of the postsynaptic density in hippocampus were significantly reduced. And, the levels of PSD-95 expression in hippocampus was also decreased in the CIH group(P＜0. 01), however, no significant change of synapsin expression was observed. Compared to CIH group, administration of Xiaotan Huayu Liqiao Formula markedly improved performance of mice in Morris water maze and Y-maze (P＜0. 01), increased Nissl staining positive cells and the thickness of the postsynaptic density and PSD-95 expression in hippocampus (P＜0. 01). Conclusion: Xiaotan Huayu Liqiao Formula could alleviate the structural and functional impairment of the postsynaptic dense area, and improved CIH-induced cognitive dysfunction.

Objective: To explore the development of cholestatic fibrosis induced by α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) and the inflammation pathways. Methods: Fifteen 129/Sv mice weighing (23±2) g were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group (n=5) and experiment group (n=10). The control group was fed commercial chow diet and the experiment group was fed the same diet supplemented with 0. 05% ANIT. Five mice in the experiment group were sacrificed on day 14 and 28 respectively. The gallbladder, serum and liver samples were collected. Biochemical indicators of cholestasis were detected following the procedures in the kit. Liver injury was evaluated by histopathological. Hepatic fibrosis and inflammatory response were analyzed by Q-PCR and WB. Results: Compared with the control group, total bile acid (TBA), the main cholestasis biomarker, was increased from (3. 2±0. 9) μmol/L to (31. 6±4. 3) μmol/L in A-D14 group. AST and ALT, the biomarkers of liver injury, were also increased significantly (P＜0. 05). The expression levels of fibrotic factor tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and collagen protein I (Collagen I) were higher than those of control group (P＜0. 05). The expressions of fibrosis protein Collagen I and α-SMA were also up-regulated. The collagen fibers of the liver were largely deposited and the liver fibrosis occurred (P＜0. 05). The expression of inflammatory factors was higher than the control group, JNK, c-Jun and STAT3 were activated (P＜0. 05). In A-D28 group, except AST, matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP-2) and Collagen I indicators were slightly decreased, other indicators of cholestasis, liver injury, liver fibrosis and inflammation continued to be up-regulated or stable (P＜0. 05). Conclusion: After 14-day treatment with 0. 05% ANIT diet, significant cholestatic liver fibrosis occurred in mice. After 28 days of treatment, cholestasis liver fibrosis kept stable. The JNK inflammatory pathway played a crucial role in the development of liver fibrosis.

Objective: To observe the effects of 10-week swimming training on blood pressure and prethrombotic state in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods: Eighteen 10-week-old male SHR were randomly divided into control group (8 rats) and training group (10 rats). The SHR training group underwent weightless swimming training for 10 weeks, five times a week, 60 minutes a time, and blood pressure was measured every two weeks. The platelet aggregation rate, von willebrand factor(vWF), tissue plasminogen activator(t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor –1(PAI-1) in plasma were measured after 10 weeks of training. Results: Compared with the control group, blood pressure in SHR training group was decreased significantly(P＜0. 05) after 4-week of swimming training, and blood pressure, platelet aggregation rate, plasma vWF level, PAI-1 activity were decreased significantly(P＜0. 01), while plasma t-PA activity was increased significantly (P＜0. 01) after 10-week of swimming training. Conclusion: Suitable swimming training will effectively reduce the blood pressure of SHR and has a significant effect if persisting in training for 4 weeks, and it also can improve pre-thrombotic state, prevent hypertensive thrombotic complications significantly in SHR.

Objective: To investigate the effects of resistance exercise on mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle of aging rats. Methods: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups, 2-month sedentary control group (C1; n=10), 2-month with resistance training group (R1; n=10), 6-month sedentary control group (C2; n=10), 6-month with resistance training group (R2; n =10 ). Rats in R1 and R2 groups were arranged for resistance training for 8 weeks. This program consisted of interval running on a treadmill, speed 15 m·min^-1, 35° incline, duration 15 s, interval 30 s, 4 times/group, 3 groups/cycle, 2 cycles per day, 6 days per week, a total of 8 weeks. The expressions of mitochondrial fusion protein 2(Mfn2) and dynamin-related protein 1(DRP1) in rat quadriceps were detected by Western blot, and the changes of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca²⁺ concentration were measured by flow cytometry. Results: ①Compared with C1 group, the expression of DRP1 protein in R1 group was increased (P＜0. 01), and the Mfn2 protein in R1 group had no significant difference, both DRP1 and Mfn2 protein in C2 group were decreased (P＜0. 01);compared with C2 group, the DRP1 and Mfn2 protein in R2 group were similarly increased (P＜0. 01, P＜0. 05);compared with R1 group, the DRP1 and Mfn2 protein in R2 group were both decreased (P＜0. 01). ② Compared with C1 group, the Ca²⁺ content of R1 group was decreased (P＜0. 01) and the Ca²⁺ content of C2 group was increased (P＜0. 01);Compared with C2 group, the content of Ca²⁺ in R2 group was decreased (P＜0. 01);compared with R1 group, the Ca²⁺ content in R2 group was increased (P＜0. 01). ③ Compared with C1 group, the ROS content in R1 group was increased, but there was no significant difference, while the ROS content in C2 group was increased (P＜0. 01);compared with C2 group, ROS content in R2 group was decreased (P＜0. 01); compared with R1 group, the ROS content in R2 group was increased (P＜0. 01). ④ Compared with group C1, the levels of ΔΨm in C2 group was decreased (P＜0. 01);Compared with C2 group, The ΔΨm of R2 group was increased(P＜0. 01); Compared with group R1, the ΔΨm of R2 group was decreased, but there was no statistical difference. Conclusion: During the aging process of rats, mitochondria of quadriceps femoral muscle showed Ca²⁺ accumulation, increased reactive oxygen species, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, decreased fusion protein and other phenomena, and resistance training could effectively improve these changes.

Objective: To investigate the effects of hedyotis diffusa (injection) on mitochondrial membrane potential and expressions of apoptosis-related genes in human gastric cancer cell line MNK-45 cells. Methods: The human gastric cancer MNK-45 cells were divided into 4 groups, each group was set with 3 replicates. The control group was MNK-45 cells without added hedyotis diffusa; the 3 groups of experimental groups were treated with hedyotis diffusa at final concentrations of 20 , 30, 40 μg / ml respectively; each group was incubated for 48 h in a 5% carbon dioxide incubator, and the morphological changes of the cells were observed under a laser confocal microscope. Mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by flow cytometry. The expressions of Cytochrome C (Cyt c), caspase3 and caspase9 genes and proteins were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot respectively. Results: Compared with the control group, the mitochondrial membrane potentials of MNK-45 cells were significantly reduced in the hedyotis diffusa treated groups at final concentrations of 20, 30, and 40 μg / ml (P＜0. 01). The gene expressions of Cyt c, caspase3, and caspase9 were significantly up-regulated (P＜0. 01) and their protein expressions were also significantly increased (P＜0. 05 or P＜0. 01). The 40 μg / ml hedyotis diffusa treatment group performed best. Conclusion: In the final concentration range of 20 ~ 40 μg / ml, hedyotis diffusa can reduce human gastric cancer MNK-45 cells mitochondrial membrane potential, induce apoptosis and up-regulate Cyt c, caspase3 and caspase9 gene expressions.

Objective: To investigate whether miR-193a-5p targets CDK14 and regulates the proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of ovarian cancer cell line OVAC. Methods: TargetScanHuman was used to analyze the match between miR-193a-5p and CDK14, and then miRNA assay was used to detect whether miR-193a-5p targeting CDK14; miR-193a-5p mimics overexpression or miR-193a-5p inhibitor knockdown in the case of low miR-193a-5p, the expression levels of CDK14, EMT-related proteins E-cadherin, vimentin, fibronectin and N-cadherin were detected by immunoblotting, and the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells OVAC was detected by CCK-8, and the cell viability of cancer cell OVAC was detected by MMT. Results: miR-193a-5p targeted the 3'UTR of CDK14; after overexpression of miR-193a-5, the expression of CDK14 was decreased, the expression of EMT-related protein E-cadherin was increased, and the expressions of vimentin, fibronectin and N-cadherin were decreased. The proliferation and cell viability of ovarian cancer cell line OVAC were increased. Meanwhile, after knocking down miR-193a-5p, the expression of CDK14 was increased, and the expression of EMT-related protein E-cadherin was decreased, while the expression levels of vimentin, fibronectin and N-cadherin were increased, and the proliferation and cell viability of ovarian cancer cell line OVAC were decreased. Conclusion: miR-193a-5p reduces the proliferation, cell viability and EMT of ovarian cancer cell line OVAC by targeting the 3 'UTR of CDK14.

Objective: To study the effects of α-enolase (ENO1) gene interference expression on proliferation, and cell cycle of follicular granulosa cells from Zi geese. Methods: F1 follicular granulosa cells were primary cultured (mixed culture), which were divided into four groups: ENO1 interference expression group (RNAi), unrelated sequence group (NC), culture group (Control), transfection reagent group (Lip). The apoptosis rate and cell cycle phase of the interference group and the control group were detected by the flow cytometry. Results: ENO1 gene interference expression slowed the proliferation of granulosa cells, increased the apoptosis, and increased the proportion of granulosa cells in G2/M phase. Conclusion: ENO1 gene interference expression could cause G2/M phase arrest in primary cultured goose follicular granulosa cells, induce cell apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of sustained military occupational activities on inhibitory control ability in low temperature environment, which could provide a basis for accurate military physical training. Methods: Twenty healthy male young cadets (mean age: (23. 32±1. 62)y; height: (175. 34±4. 14)cm; body weight: (68. 19±3. 12)kg) were enrolled in this experiment. A number of military tasks last 36 hours were completed in the ordinary (16℃～23℃) and low(-3℃～-1℃) temperature environment, and the RR interval and core temperature were recorded. The stroop-word-color test and critical frequency test were performed before and after the activities. Results: Compared with rest, the heart rate, excess post-exercise oxygen consumption and training impulse were increased significantly (P＜0. 05) in military occupational activities, however there was no significant difference between the two activities (P＞0. 05). Compared with the rest, the average and maximum core temperature were increased significantly (P＜0. 05), however, compared with the ordinary temperature environment, the average core temperature in the low temperature environment was increased significantly (P＜0. 05), and there was no significant difference in the maximum core temperature (P＞0. 05). Compared with rest, the inhibitory control ability after the two activities was significantly lower (P＜0. 05), which was much worse in the low temperature environment than that in the ordinary temperature environment (P＜0. 05). In addition, compared with rest, both activities led to obvious mental fatigue (P＜0. 05), which was more serious in low temperature environment (P＜0. 05). Conclusion: The sustained military activities can impair the inhibitory control ability, and cause the mental fatigue, in addition, the stress of low temperature can aggravate the negative effects.