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CJAP ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 12-16.doi: 10.12047/j.cjap.5802.2020.003

• ORIGINAL ARTICLES • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of acute and chronic exercise on fat PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 signal pathway in type 2 diabetic rats

YI Xue-jie1, SUN Yu-xia1, YAO Ting-ting1, LI Jing1, GAO Chang1, LIU Lu1, CAO Shi-cheng2△, CHANG Bo1, ZHANG Cui-ping1   

  1. 1. School of Sports and Human Sciences, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang 110102;
    2. Department of Sports Medicine, School of Public and Basic Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
  • Online:2020-01-28 Published:2020-06-01

Abstract: Objective: To study the effects of acute and chronic exercise on phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)/glucose transporter 4(GLUT4)signaling pathway in adipose tissue of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) induced by high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin (STZ). Methods: A total of 52 SD male rats aged 15 months were randomly divided into normal control group (13) and high-fat group (39), and fed normal and high fat diets. After 8 weeks, the body weight of the high-fat group was higher 20% than that of the normal control group. After a small dose of STZ, the blood glucose level was >16.7 mmol/l, and the model was successfully established. The diabetic model group was randomly divided into a diabetic control group (DC, n=13), a diabetic chronic exercise group (DCE, n=13), and a diabetic acute exercise group (DAE, n=13). The DCE group underwent an 8-week swimming exercise and the DAE group performed a one-time swimming exercise. Blood lipids, blood glucose and serum insulin levels were measured, and the contents of fat PI3K, AKT and GLUT4 proteins were determined by Western blot method.Results: The levels of body weight, blood lipids, blood glucose and insulin in the diabetic group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group (P<0.01); high density liptein cholesterol(HDL-C) levels were decreased (P<0.05), and the expressions of PI3K, AKT and GLUT4 protein in adipose tissue were decreased (P<0.01). After 8 weeks of swimming training, the levels of body weight, blood lipids, blood glucose and insulin all were decreased significantly (P<0.01); while the level of HDL-C was increased (P<0.05), and the expressions of PI3K, AKT and GLUT4 protein were increased (P<0.01). After acute exercise, the levels of blood lipids, blood glucose and insulin were decreased (P<0.05); the level of HDL-C was increased (P<0.05), and the expression levels of fat PI3K, AKT and GLUT4 were increased significantly (P<0.05).Conclusion: ①High fat diet combined with low-dose STZ induced damage to the PI3K/AKT pathway in adipose tissue of T2DM rats reduced insulin sensitivity. ②Acute and chronic aerobic exercise can improve the disorder of glucose and lipid metabolism through PI3K/AKT pathway, and the chronic exercise is better than acute exercise.

Key words: type 2 diabetes, fat, exercise, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B/glucose transporter 4, rat

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